10 Truth, comment and linking adverbs. Flashcards
Perhaps/Maybe Mandy has missed the bus.
You’ve certainly/undoubtedly made a good start.
A truth adverb expresses what the speaker knows about the truth of a statement: how likely it is to be true, or to what degree it is true.
I agree with you basically.
Service isn’t included, presumably.
Clearly, the matter is urgent.
The boxer allegedly took drugs.
A truth adverb expresses what the speaker knows about the truth of a statement: how likely it is to be true, or to what degree it is true.
You certainly haven’t wasted any time.
Service presumably isn’t included.
Certainly, definitely and probably usually go in mid position.
The whole thing is ridiculous in my opinion.
Of course, I’ll pay you back.
We get on quite well together on the whole.
We can also use a prepositional phrase.
I think the whole thing is ridiculous.
Someone’s fused the lights, I expect.
I’m sure you’ve made a mistake.
We can also use a clause with I.
Luckily no one was killed.
(= It was lucky that no one was killed.)
The newspaper wasn’t interested in the story, surprisingly.
We use this kind of adverb to make a comment on what we are saying
I’m afraid, we didn’t win anything.
Unfortunately, we didn’t win anything.
We use this kind of adverb to make a comment on what we are saying
Dick wisely didn’t interfere.
(= It was wise of Dick not to interfere.)
I stupidly left the car unlocked.
(= It was stupid of me.)
The man stared stupidly.
(= in a stupid manner)
To my surprise, the newspaper wasn’t interested in the story.
To Phil’s delight, his plan proved successful.
We can use a phrase with to for someone’s feelings about something.
Honestly, I think you’re making the wrong decision.
To be honest, I think you’re making the wrong decision.
We can comment on why we are saying something.
But the baby does not just grow bigger and heavier. Its shape and body proportions also change as it grows up.
Also: Linking adverbs
When Beethoven was fourteen, he was forced to give lessons to support his parents. However, he still found time to take a few violin lessons, and he went on composing.
However: Linking adverbs
If you pay the bill in full within 25 days you won’t be charged interest. Otherwise, you are charged interest on any balance outstanding.
Otherwise: Linking adverbs
Some other linking adverbs are as well, too, in addition, furthermore, nevertheless, on the other hand, therefore, consequently, as a result, likewise; instead.
They have similar meanings to conjunctions such as and, but, so and if.
There are two reasons. Firstly, I’m not interested, and secondly, I haven’t got the time
Ordering: Firstly, secondly.
In conclusion, I’d like to say a few words about future prospects.
Summing up: In conclusion, I’d…
The matter is under consideration. In other words, they’re thinking about it.
Rephrasing: In other words,…
I’ll see you tomorrow then. Or rather on Monday.
Correcting: Or rather…
We’ve got lots of things we could sell. There’s the car, for example.
Giving examples: for example.
I think I’ll have the sausages. ~ Talking of sausages, did you know there’s a barbecue on Saturday?
Picking up a topic: Talking of
I had a lovely lunch. ~ Good. By the way, where did you put that file?
Changing the subject: By the way
