10. Sepsis and Fluids Flashcards
What is sepsis?
The way that the body responds to an infection.
Resulting in the tissue and organ damage.
Life threatening.
A patient with a suspected infection is at risk of sepsis if they have a systolic blood pressure ≤ 100 mm Hg.
True or False?
FALSE need at least 2 qSOFA (quick bedside clinical score). 1. respiratory rate ≥ of 22/min 2. altered mentation (confusion) 3. systolic blood pressure ≤ 100 mm Hg
There is a lower risk of mortality in a patient with sepsis and septic shock.
True or False?
FALSE
much higher mortality when combined.
If a patient has sepsis, what treatments should be done within the first hour?
BUFALO / Sepsis6
- Blood cultures and septic screen
- Urine output - monitored
- Fluid resuscitation
- Antibiotics
- Lactate measurement
- Oxygen (hypoxia)
Men have a higher body composition of water than women.
True or False?
TRUE
men = 50-60%
women = 45-50%
Which is used to give fluids to patients?
Colloids
Crystalloids
Crystalloids
What is the use of a 0.9% NaCL crystalloid?
Volume resuscitation. raises blood volume and pressure.
What are low sodium crystalloids used for?
Maintenance of blood pressure and volume.
Cant just give someone pure water, need a little bit of glucose and sodium in there.
E.g. patients who cant swallow water will need maintenance fluids to hydrate them.
What is the daily requirement for:
sodium
potassium
water
Sodium = 1mmol/kg Potassium = 1mmol/kg Water = 25-30ml/kg
What is the difference between ‘true hypovolaemia and relative hypovolaemia’?
True hypovolaemia = rate of fluid loss of extra cellular fluid > net intake
e.g. vomiting, haemorrhage
Relative hypovolaemia = ↓ effective circulating volume
e.g. vasodilation
A patient requires resuscitation fluids.
What can be given to them?
Give 2 examples
500ml Hartman’s solution stat
500ml 0.9% sodium chloride stat
What is the best resuscitation fluid for blood loss?
Blood
