10 REVIEW QUESTIONS

Question 1

1. Which components of pharmacokinetics does the nurse need to understand before administering a drug? (Select all that apply.)
   a. Drugs with a smaller volume of drug distribution have a longer half-life.
   b. Oral drugs are dissolved through the process of pinocytosis.
   c. Patients with kidney disease may have fewer protein- binding sites and are at risk for drug toxicity.
   d. Rapid absorption decreases the bioavailability of the drug.
   e. When the drug metabolism rate is decreased, excess drug accumulation can occur, which can cause toxicity.

Answer 1

c. Patients with kidney disease may have fewer protein- binding sites and are at risk for drug toxicity.
e. When the drug metabolism rate is decreased, excess drug accumulation can occur, which can cause toxicity.

Question 2

2. The nurse will question the health care provider if a drug with a half-life ( t 1⁄2) of more than 24 hours is ordered to be given more than how often?
   a. Once daily
   b. Every other day
   c. Twice weekly
   d. Once weekly

Answer 2

a. Once daily

Question 3

3. The nurse is explaining drug action to a nursing student. Which statement made by the nurse is correct?
   a. Water-soluble and ionized drugs are quickly absorbed.
   b. A drug not bound to protein is an active drug.
   c. Most receptors are found under the cell membrane.
   d. Toxic effects can result if the trough level is low.

Answer 3

b. A drug not bound to protein is an active drug.

Question 4

4. A Native American patient is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and is prescribed the antidiabetic drug metformin 500 mg by mouth with morning and evening meals. Which statement best indicates to the nurse that the patient will adhere to the therapeutic regimen?
   a. I will no longer put sugar on my cereal because that will help me be healthier.
   b. If I take this medicine, I will feel be er soon and won’t have to take it anymore.
   c. To reduce the possibility of damage to my body, I must take the medicine as scheduled.
   d. I have diabetes because of my ancestry, so there’s not much I can do about it.

Answer 4

a. I will no longer put sugar on my cereal because that will help me be healthier.

Question 5

5. The nurse is aware that the rate of absorption can be changed by which actions? (Select all that apply.)
   a. Modifying gastric emptying time
   b. Changing gastric pH
   c. Decreasing inflammation
   d. Forming drug complexes
   e. Eating too slowly

Answer 5

a. Modifying gastric emptying time
b. Changing gastric pH
d. Forming drug complexes

Question 6

6. The nurse is meeting with a community group about medication safety. The nurse must emphasize that patients at high risk for drug interactions include which groups? (Select all that apply.)
   a. Older patients
   b. Patients with chronic health conditions
   c. Patients taking three or more drugs
   d. Patients dealing with only one pharmacy
   e. Patients covered by private insurance

Answer 6

a. Older patients
b. Patients with chronic health conditions
c. Patients taking three or more drugs

Question 7

7. The nurse recognizes that when a patient takes a hepatic enzyme inducer, the dose of warfarin is usually modified in which way?
   a. It is increased.
   b. It is decreased.
   c. It remains the same.
   d. It is unpredictable.

Answer 7

a. It is increased.

Question 8

8. The nurse is describing to a patient the synergistic effects of two of his medications. Which statement by the nurse is correct about synergistic drug effects?
   a. Two drugs have antagonistic effects on each other.
   b. The action of a drug is nullified by another drug.
   c. One drug acts as an antidote to the side effects of another drug.
   d. A greater effect is achieved when two drugs are combined.

Answer 8

d. A greater effect is achieved when two drugs are combined.

Question 9

9. A patient asks the nurse about drug interactions with over-the-counter preparations. What is the nurse’s best response?
   a. Discuss this with the health care provider.
   b. There are not many interactions, so don’t worry about it.
   c. Read the labels carefully, and check with your health care provider.

Answer 9

c. Read the labels carefully, and check with your health care provider.

Question 10

10. Codeine is an example of a(n) _______________ as the cytochrome P450 system metabolizes the drug to facilitate receptor affinity.
    a. agonist
    b. prodrug
    c. antagonist
    d. enzyme

Answer 10

b. prodrug