10 Relationships and Attraction Flashcards
Exchange relationships
Relationships in which individuals feel little responsibility toward one another to Michael and giving and receiving are governed by concerns about equity and reciprocity
Communal relationships
Relationships in which the individuals feel special responsibility for one another and give and receive according to the principle of need; such relationships are often long term
Social exchange theory
Theory based on the idea that all relationships have costs and rewards, that how people feel about a relationship depends on their assessments of its costs and rewards and the cost and rewards available to them in other relationships.
Equity theory
Theory that maintains a people are motivated to pursue fairness, or equity, in the relationships; rewards and costs are shared roughly an equally among individuals.
Attachment theory
Theory about how early attachments with our parents sheep or relationships for the rest of our lives
Secure attachment style
Attachment style characterized by feelings of security relationships. Individuals with the style are comfortable with intimacy and want to be close to others during times of threat and uncertainty.
Anxious-preoccupied style
Attachment style characterized by dependency or clinginess. People with anxious-preoccupied style tend not to have a positive view of themselves, but they value and seek out intimacy
Dismissive-avoided style
Attachment style characterized by independence and self-reliance. People with a dismissive-avoiding style seek less intimacy with others and deny the importance of close relationships.
Fearful-avoidant style
Attachment style characterized by ambivalence and discomfort toward close relationships. People with a fearful of what it style design closeness with others but feel unworthy of others’ affection and so do not seek out intimacy
Functional distance
Tendency of an architectural layout to encourage or inhibit certain activities, including contact between people
Mere exposure effect
Finding that repeated exposure to a stimulus (for example, an object or person) leads to greater liking of the stimulus
Complementarity
Tendency for people to seek out others with characteristics that are different from and that complement their own
Halo effect
The common belief – accurate or not – that attractive individuals possess a host of positive qualities be on their physical appearance
Reproductive fitness
Capacity to get one’s genes passed on to subsequent generations
Intrasex competition
Direct competition between two or more males or two or more females for axis two members of the opposite sex
