10 Photosynthesis Flashcards
What term describes an organism that makes its own food?
Autotroph
What term describes an organism that makes its own food using sunlight?
Photoautotroph
What term describes an organism that gains energy from eating other organisms?
Heterotroph
What is the structure of a chloroplast?
It has a double membrane with disks named thylakoids that are in stacks named grana.
The thylakoids are hollow, forming a hollow interior named the thylakoid.
Where does the oxygen in CO2 end up after photosynthesis?
In glucose and water
Where does the oxygen in H2O end up after photosynthesis?
Oxygen (not water)
Is photosynthesis a redox reaction?
Yes…
CO2 is reduced to form glucose
Water is oxidised to form oxygen
How do the light reactions extract energy?
By forming NADPH and by chemiosmosis in which ATP is generated, in a process known as photophosphorylation
What are inputs/outputs of the light reaction?
Input: NADP+, ADP and P, Water.
Outputs: ATP, NADPH, Oxygen
What are the inputs/outputs of the calvin cycle?
Input: CO2, ATP, NADPH, sugar in the form of CH2O
What is the incorporation of carbon into and organism named?
Carbon fixation
With what is the ability of a pigment to absorb light measured?
A spectrophotometer which measures the rate of reflection under different conditions.
What represents the how much of each wavelength a pigment can absorb?
An absorption spectrum
What represents the rate of a light dependent reaction across various wavelengths?
An action spectrum
What is the wavelength of purple?
400-450
What is the wavelength of blue?
450-500
What is the wavelength of green?
500-575
What is the wavelength of yellow/orange?
575 to 650
What is the wavelength of red?
650 to 750+
What are the common forms of chlorophyll?
Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b
What are the common photopigments common in plants?
Carotenoids, Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b
What is the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll?
High at blue/purple, drops at green and peaks again at orange/red.
How do the absorption spectra chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid differ?
On a graph from 400-700nm:
Chlorophyll-a peaks first, then chlorophyll b then carotenoids.
Only the two forms of chlorophyll peak gain after green with chlorophyll b peaking first.
What is the structure of chlorophyll?
It has a hydrocarbon head on a porphyrin ring as a head which has a magnesium atom at the centre.