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TMD > 10. Pharmacology > Flashcards

10. Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

effects of NSAIDs

A
  • Analgesic
  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Anti-pyretic
  • Anti-coagulant
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2
Q

Dose for ibuprofen

A

400 mg 3x daily

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3
Q

Dose for naproxen

A

550mg 2x per day

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4
Q

Dose for Diclofenac

A

50 mg 2x/day

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5
Q

Dose for diflunisal

A

500mg 2x/day

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6
Q

Avoid NSAIDs in patients with

A
  • Renal disease
  • Asthma
  • GI ulcers
  • Late stage pregnancy
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7
Q

Side effects of NSAIDs

A

Common

  • GI issues
  • Somnolence
  • Rash
  • Headache

Rare

  • Ulcers
  • CV events
  • Erythema Multiforme
  • Coagulopathy
  • Anaphylaxis
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8
Q

What are the selective COX 2 inhibitors and their doses

A

Celecoxib- 200 mg 2x/day

Etodoloc - 200 mg 2x/day

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9
Q

Side effects of Cox-2 inhibitors

A

Common

  • GI issues
  • Malaise
  • Rash
  • Headache

Rare

  • CV events
  • Erythema multiforme
  • GI ulcers
  • Steven johnson syndrome
  • Hepatitis
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10
Q

Selective COX-2 inhibitors should be avoided in

A
  • CV disease
  • Pregnancy
  • Allergy to Sulpha drugs
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11
Q

Effects of acetaminophen

A
  • Analgesic

- Anti-pyretic

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12
Q

Dose of acetaminophen

A
  • 500-1000mg (4x/day- 3x/day)

- Max dose= 3 g/day

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13
Q

Acetaminophen should be avoided in patients…

A
  • Liver disease (hepatotoxic)

- Chronic alcoholics

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14
Q

Effect of corticosteroids

A
  • Anti-inflammation
  • Anti-pyretic
  • Analgesia
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15
Q

Common cortical steroids and their dose

A
  • Methyl prednisone (4mg)

- Dexamethasone (2-4 mg 2x/day)

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16
Q

Corticosteroid side effects

A

Common

  • GI issues
  • Mood changes
  • Somnolence
  • Headache
  • Rash

Rare

  • Ulcers
  • CV events
  • Erythema multiforme
  • Hypertension
  • Diabetes
  • Hepatitis
  • Osteoporosis
  • Cushing Syndrome
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17
Q

Corticosteroids should be avoided in

A
  • Renal disease
  • Asthma
  • GI ulcers
  • Late stage pregnancy
18
Q

Max dose of lidocaine 2%

A

4mg/kg (max= 300 mg)

19
Q

Max dose of bupivacaine 0.5%

A

0.6 mg/kg (max= 90 mg)

20
Q

Side effects of LA

A

Common

  • Edema
  • Erythema
  • Petechial rash
  • Neuromuscular weakness

Rare

  • Confusion
  • Agitation
  • Tremors
  • Bradycardia
  • Respiratory depression
  • Palpitations
21
Q

LA is avoided in patients with

22
Q

Commonly prescribed opioids and their dose

A
  • Codeine 30 mg 4x/day
  • Hydrocodone 10 mg 4x/day
  • Morphine 30 mg 2x/day
23
Q

Side effects of opiods

A
  • GI effects (dry mouth and constipation)
  • Respiratory depression
  • Neuro-cognitive effects
24
Q

T/F Muscle relaxants are given by the dentist to treat pain

A

F- they modulate don’t don’t treat the pain. Modulate pain by acting centrally.

25
What are the difference muscle relaxants and their dose
Cyclobenzaprine 10 mg before bed (hs) Baclofen 10 mg before bed (hs) Tizanidine 4 mg 2x/day
26
Side effects of muscle relaxants
Common - Mastication muscle pain - Muscle pain upon awakening - Sleep disturbance associated with pain Rare - Hallucinations - Organ toxicity - Seizures
27
Cyclobenzaprine is contraindicated in what patients
recent MI
28
Commonly perscribed benzodiazepines are and their dose
- Clonazepam 0.5 mg before bed | - Diazepam 2.5 mg before bed
29
Commonly used TCAs and their dose
- Amitriptyline 10-25 mg before bed | - Nortriptyline 25 mg before bed
30
Side effects of TCAs
- Gi issues - Somnolence - Dizziness - Cardiac arrhythmia - Hypoglycemia
31
Common NMDA receptor antagonists and their dose
- Ketamine 2 mg/kg IM | - Dextromethophan 80 mg
32
Side effects of NMDA receptor antagonists
Common - GI events - Somnolence - Confusion - Respiratory depression Rare - Dizziness - Nervousness - Restlessness
33
What are the different anti-convulsant medications
- Carbamazepine - Oxcarbazepine - Gabapentin - Pregabalin
34
Dosing for carbamazepine
- Start at 100 mg/day | - Increase 100 mg every 2 days to max 1200 mg/day
35
Side effects of carbamazepine
Common - Dizziness - Unsteady - Nausea and anorexia Rare - Aplastic anemia - Elevation of liver enzymes - Leukopenia
36
Dose of oxcarbazepine
- Start at 300 mg 2x/day | - Increase 300 mg every 3 days to max 1800-2400 mg/day
37
Side effect of oxcarbazepine
Common - Dizziness - Nausea - Diplopia
38
Dose of gabapentin
- 300 mg/day 100 mg 3 times a day | - max= 3600/day
39
Side effects of Gabapentin
- Peripheral edema - Dizziness - Nausea - Fatigue
40
Dose of pregabalin
- 150 mg/day (start) | - Max= 300 mg/day
41
Side effects of pregabalin
- Dizziness - Somnolence - weight gain - Peripheral edema
42
Adverse effects of capsaicin
- Local burning sensation - GERD - Contact dermatitis

TMD (13 decks)

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