10: patterns & trends in youth deviance

Question 1

what are ASBOs?

Answer 1

anti-social behavioural orders - issued for petty offences such as graffiti, drinking in the street and are associated with youth deviance

Question 2

what is the peak offending age for males?

Answer 2

18

Question 3

what is the peak offending age for females?

Answer 3

15

Question 4

what is the most common youth crime?

Answer 4

theft
- stolen goods

Question 5

what proportion of youth offenders are male?

Answer 5

80%

Question 6

what is the most significant risk factor for committing crime?

Answer 6

being a male

Question 7

what did smart (1976) say?

Answer 7

young males have less informal control than females so they commit more deviant acts

Question 8

what did muncie (2004) say?

Answer 8

notions of femininity are opposed to criminal behaviour, meaning females less likely to commit crime

Question 9

what did becker state?

Answer 9

males more likely to be labelled by police due to labelling theory

Question 10

what is the main factor for women committing crime?

Answer 10

being in deprivation

Question 11

what crimes do females commonly commit?

Answer 11

shoplifting
theft
violence

Question 12

what did messerschmiat (1993) state about youth deviance and class?

Answer 12

talks about working and middle class males from different ethnic groups being drawn to commit different types of crime

Question 13

what crimes do white working class youth commonly commit?

Answer 13

vandalism, minor theft and alcohol related offences

Question 14

what crimes do minority ethnic groups commonly commit?

Answer 14

acts related to street gangs

Question 15

what crimes do the middle class tend to commit?

Answer 15

acts based around recreational drug use

Question 16

what did bowling and grahams (1995) study show?

Answer 16

used a sample of 1700 participants with a further 800 from ethnic minorities. age group studied was 14-25yr olds. all participants asked to self report the number and types of crime they committed during the last year.

44% white, 43% black people, 30% indian, 28% pakistani, 13% bangladeshi admitted to committing one or more crimes
white males and females admitted to using drugs more than any other group, whilst bangladeshi people had lowest rate of drug use
white people commit more crime than other ethnic groups in general

Question 17

what did farrington and west’s (1994) longitudinal study show?

Question 18

give three evaluations points of farrington and wests (1994) research.

Question 19

which social class is most likely to be deviant and why?

Question 20

give four stats about ethnicity and youth deviance.

Question 21

give a stat about gender and youth deviance.