10: Musc-Skel and Low Dose Herbs Flashcards
Salix spp
[Willow bark]
salicin! converted to salicylic acid in GI by microbes
cooling and drying
salicyl glycosides–> salicylic acid in GI (distal ileum)
anti-inflamm, analgesic, febrifuge
IND: M and jt pain, HA, fever
C/I: salicylate allergy, G6PD def
Filipendula ulmaria
[Meadowsweet]
salicin!
cooling and drying
salicylaldehyde, methyl salicylate, phenolic glycosides
anti-inflamm, diaphoretic, diuretic, antibacterial
IND: burning pain, gastritis, PUD
C/I: salicylate allergy
Actaea racemosa
[Black cohosh Cimicifuga]
salicin!
triterpene glycosides, comifugine
antispasmodic, anti-inflamm, antirheumatic, alterative, nervine, “estrogenic”
Tanacetum parthenium
[Feverfew]
glucosamine chondrotin + tanacetum 150mg tid encapsulated
drying and warming
antimicrobial, anti-inflamm, febrifuge, reduces secretion of inflammatory mediators from WBCs/histamine from mast
IND: migraine HAs, RA, inflammatory OA, fever
Curcuma longa
[Turmeric]
cooling, warming, stimulating
curcumin, zingiberone
alterative, anti-inflamm, antiox, anti-CA, cholagogue
specificity=liver, circ sys
IND: inflamm, jaundice, liver d/o, chronic skin. CVD
C/I: large doses in pregnancy, bile duct obstxn
NOT very bioavail–eat with fat or pepper to increase
Zingiber officinale
[Ginger]
specificity= circ, digestive
zingiberene, zingiberole
antiemetic, carminative, stomachic, anti-inflamm, analgesic, expectorant
IND: weak digestion, colic, gas, cramping, N, V, morning/motion sickness
Rosmarinus officinalis
[Rosemary]
rosmarinic aicd, volatile oils
circ stim, stimulant nervine, rubefacient, anti-inflamm
IND: hypotension following stress, poor memory, inflamm
C/I: preg
Boswelia serrata
resin: boswelic acid, volatile oils, polysaccharide
anti-inflamm, circ stim, analgesic
IND: GI and jt inflammation, IBD
C/I: large doses GI irritation
Corydalis yanhusuo
bitter, warm, acrid corydaline, DHCB anodyne, invigorates blood IND: neuralgic pain, dysmenorrhea, traumatic injury, abdominal pain **DHCB: no antinociceptive tolerance
Piscidia erythrina
[Jamaican dogwood]
relaxing
isoflavonoids (rotenone=toxic), glycosides, calcium oxalate, resin, fats
*TOXIC
sedative, antispasmodic, anodyne
IND: dysmenorrhea, insomnia, M tension/pain, neuralgia
C/I: pregnancy, may cause N, overdose=bradycardia, convulsions, death
Valeriana officinalis
warming, lax
volatile oils: isovalianic aicd, borneol
sedative, relaxant, antispasmodic, hypotensive, diuretic
C/I: potentiate other sleep-inducers, long term use may cause benzo type withdrawal
Viburnum opulus
[Cramp bark]
drying
viopudial, hydroquinones (arbutin)
antispasmodic, nervine, hypotensive, beta2 receptor agonist, anti-inflamm
IND: dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, bronchoconstiction, skel m spasms, pelvic congestion, bladder spasms, asthma
Capsicum annuum
[Cayenne]
oleoresin capsaicin
circ stim, anti-inflamm, mucolytic, diaphoretic, cholesterol reducing, gastric stim, depletes sub P, anodyne
IND: neuralgia, myalgia, jt pain, psoriasis, toothache
capsaicin creams for shingles, postherpetic neuralgia, arthritis
C/I: avoid in eyes/mucous membranes!
TOPICAL for pain
Gaultheria procumbens
[Wintergreen]
volatile oil: methyl salicylate, oenanthic alcohol
NEPHROTOXIC
TOPICAL
Arnica
stimulating
volatile oils, resins, flavonoids
stimulates circ and macrophage activity, helps resolve edema and ecchymosis
IND: tissue trauma, arthritic jts
CAUTION: Low dose both internally and externally (acts as topical immunostimulant to clean up tissue destruction waste)
Carica papaya
[Papaya]
papain: proteolytic enzymes with anti-inflammatory action
increase serum firinolytic, reduce plasma fibrinogen, decrease bradykinin, reduce edema/pain, decrease PGE2 and thromboxane A2
modulate immune cell surface adhesion
need large dose for anti-inflamm effect
Ananas cosmosus
[Pineapple]
bromelain: proteolytic enzymes with anti-inflammatory action
increase serum firinolytic, reduce plasma fibrinogen, decrease bradykinin, reduce edema/pain, decrease PGE2 and thromboxane A2
modulate immune cell surface adhesion
500-2000mg daily in divided doses
Highest class of medicine
deep curative and tonifying action.
Taken over mos-years. Action is slow, target many processes. Correspond with spring and early summer
Ex: nettles, dandelion greens
Middle class of medicine
herbs taken for tx of specific ailment
taken in small amounts over extended period or large amounts over short period
Lower class of medicine
herbs that are very forceful in their action in a particular direction. Can easily upset harmony of organism. Only used SHORT term
Aconitum napellus
[Monkshood, Wolfsbane, Aconite]
LOW DOSE
terpene alkaloids, aconitine
sedative, anodyne, febrifuge
IND: pain, small/freq pulse, shock, fear, anxiety, fever, sudden/violent fever esp early stages
dosing: 1-10 drops in 4oz water. dispense from that 1 tsp every 2 hrs. MAX=1 drop
NEVER dispense in an undiluted bottle
Datura stromonium
LOW DOSE: Deadly Nightshade
tropane alkaloids-atropine. parasympathoLYTIC (anticholingergic)
large doses- effect CNS: dilates pupils, dries, increase HR, increase CO, decrease peristalsis
Overdose= mad as a hatter, hot as hell, dry as a bone, blind as a bat
IND: resp tract spasms, m spasms of Parkinson’s
Hyoscyamus niger
LOW DOSE: Deadly Nightshade
tropane alkaloids-atropine. parasympathoLYTIC (anticholingergic)
large doses- effect CNS: dilates pupils, dries, increase HR, increase CO, decrease peristalsis
Overdose= mad as a hatter, hot as hell, dry as a bone, blind as a bat
IND: urinary tract spasms, N/D assoc with motion sickness and Meniere’s GI spasms,
Gelsemium
LOW DOSE
oxindole alkaloids-gelsemine, gelsemicine
febrifuge, sedative, anodyne
IND: bright eyes, flushed face
CI: cardiac weakness, with sedative drugs, preg
