10 infectious diseases Flashcards
name 4 viral diseases
- Influenza
- Ross River virus disease
- Viral disease of honeybees (CBPV, DWV)
- Australian bat lyssavirus
name 3 bacterial diseases
- Tuberculosis (TB)
- Tetanus
- Crown gall of plants
name the 1 fungal disease
- Amphibian chytrid fungus disease
name the 2 protist diseases
- Malaria
- Jarrah dieback
symptoms of influenza
The virus attacks the respiratory system. Sudden onset of high fever, cough, muscle aches and pains, sore throat, runny nose. Usually lasts up to 2 weeks. incubation period of 1-4 days
Symptoms of ross river disease
rash on limbs or trunk for 5-10 days, painful and swollen joints, usually lasting for months, fever and headache. Incubation period of 1-3 weeks
symptoms of Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV)
Trembling wings and body, failure to fly, loss of hair. Incubation period varies
Symptoms of deformed wing virus
Wing deformity, can be asymptomatic. Incubation period varies
Symptoms of Australian bat lyssavirus
virus attacks nervous system, paralysis, delirium, convolutions/muscle spasms, death. Incubation period of 20 days - 27 months
Symptoms of Tetanus
Clostridium tetani. Sustained, severe muscle contractions due to blocking of nerve impulses by tetanus toxin. Incubation period 3-21 days
Symptoms of Tuberculosis (TB)
Persistent cough, coughing up septum or blood, fever/night sweats, steady loss of weight, fatigue. Incubation period of 3-9 weeks. Can stay dormant for months of years, called ‘latent TB’
Symptoms of Crown gall of plants
galls form on plant which can lead to stunted growth and wilting (because gall interferes with water and food transport). 8 weeks until gall becomes visible
Symptoms of Chytridiomycosis
Skin thickens and hardens. Respiration becomes difficult because significant gas exchange occurs across moist skin under normal conditions. The amphibian can become lethargic. Hind legs extend, and the amphibian becomes sluggish and has no appetite. These symptoms can lead to death. Incubation period of 2-10 weeks, death follows onset of symptoms within 2-3 days
Symptoms malaria
Fever, headache, chills (shaking), sweating and vomiting. If left untreated and host is susceptible, complications such as anaemia and liver failure can develop. Incubation period of 10-15 days
symptoms of Phytophthora dieback (jarrah dieback)
Areas of the plant appear rotten and may have lesions (where the pathogen has consumed the cell’s sugars). Wilting, root systems die (dieback), plant death follows. Incubation period ranges from weeks to months. Once wilting starts, death follows quickly
Influenza mode of transmission
Single stranded RNA virus
- Direct: close contact via airborne droplets when an infected person sneezes or coughs
- Indirect: fomites
influenza life cycle specifications
- Entry and exit: respiratory system
- Replication: inside epithelial cells in the respiratory tract
- Reservoir: Human host
Ross river virus disease mode of transmission
Single stranded RNA virus
- Indirect: Female mosquito vector
Ross river virus disease life cycle specifications
- Entry and exit: Two different blood feeds, exit not likely from human host, pathogen circulates through marsupials (eg western grey kangaroo)
- Replication: Epithelial cells of mosquito vector and muscle cells of the infected human host before entering the bloodstream and multiplying then
- Reservoir: Marsupials (eg wallabies)
Deformed wing virus disease mode of transmission
Virus
- Indirect: Vector varroa mite
- Direct: Vertical transmission from bee to offspring
Deformed wing virus disease life cycle specifications
- Entry and exit: Skin (blood feeds from varroa mite vectors)
- Replication: in bee
Australian bat lyssavirus mode of transmission
RNA virus
- Direct: Contact with an infected bat’s bodily fluids, through bite or scratch