Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MCM test 2 > 10- Extracellular Matrix > Flashcards

10- Extracellular Matrix Flashcards

1
Q

hemidesmosome

A

Link intermediate filaments in cell to basement membrane

Cell matrix anchoring junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

actin-linked cell-matrix adhesion anchors

A

actine filaments in cell linked to ECM

Cell matrix anchoring junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

adheren junctions

A

Adheres actin filaments from one cell to another.

Cell-cell anchoring junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Desmosome

A

connects intermediate filaments form one cell to another

Cell-cell anchoring junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

gap junctions

A

allow for small water soluble molecules to pass from cell to cell.

Channel forming junctions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Basement membrane

A

Part of ECM

Fibrous extracellular layer that separates epithelium from underlying connective tissue or tissue layers

Basal lamina- what epithelial are sitting on. (made of laminin and collagen)

Reticular layer- what fuses basal lamina to connective tissue below. (made of fibernectin and also collagen)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Connective tissue

A

Part of ECM

Consists predominantly of ECM (bone cartilage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ground substance

A

a gel-like substance formed from polysaccharides

The stuff that makes up ECM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

GAGs

A

Glycosaminoglycans

Sugars with sulfate group added, (-) charged
– trap (+) ions, accumulate water, provide mechanical support

Ex. chondroitin sulfate, heparin sulfate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hyaluron

A

specialized GAG, non-sulfated

Can bind and organize proteoglycans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Proteoglycans

A

combination of protein and GAGs

interact with other structural components

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Collagen

A

Major protein of ECM (single most abundant protein in human body)

Embeded in ground substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the sequence of collagen?

A

Glycine-proline-hydroxyproline

Some variation

Glyc is small and allows for tight compacting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Prolylhydroxylase

A

Enzyme in ER.

Produces hydroxyproline from proline.

REQUIRES vitamin C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Vitamin C deficiency

A

Could result in deficiency to produce mature collagen fibrils.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

stages of collagen

A

Procollagen- soluble precursor with non-helical domains, cleaved after secretion

Tropocollagen- Collagen molecules, tightly packed triple helix.

Collagen fibrils- Self-assembled collagen molecules, align head to tail, crosslinks stabilize

17
Q

Collagen fibers

A

Thick accumulations of collagen fibril

Wavy appearance

18
Q

Non-fiber forming Collagens

A

Do not polymerize into fibers

contribute to basement membrane or form structural networks.

19
Q

Reticular fibers

A

found at boundary of connective tissue and cells.

Collagen fibrils in MESH like network

Formed during wound healing.

20
Q

Elastic Fibers

A

Another substance in ECM

Can stretch then recoil to it’s original state

Made of:
Elastin: randomly coiled, hydrophobic, crosslink to one another (covalent)

Fibrillin: surounding network of microfibrils, glycoproteins used to support elastin assembly.

21
Q

What is the forms of elastic fibers?

A

tropoelastin: secreted form

lysyl oxidase: crosslinking enzyme located on the cell surface

Crosslinked aggregates assemble on preexisting fibrilin microfilaments

22
Q

Fibronectin

A

Matrix ADHESION protein

Principle adhesion protein of connective tissue

contains multiple adhesion domains.

  • Collagen binding domain
  • GAG binding domain
  • Integrin binding domain
23
Q

Laminin

A

Matrix ADHESION protein

Principle adhesion protein of basal lamina

T shaped hetrotrimers

Form mesh-like network

Also contain multiple adhesion domains

24
Q

Integrins

A

Cell surface receptors

Majorly responsible for cell matrix interactions

Bind to ECM: collagen, fibronectin, laminin

Anchor to intracellular cytoskeleton

  • actin
  • intermediate filaments
25
Q

Focal adhesions

A

Attaches mobile cells to ECM

Anchors to actin cytoskeleton

Assembly and disassembly allows movement relative to the matrix

26
Q

Matrix metalloproteases

A

allow cells to REMODEL the matrix around them through the digestion of collagens, laminin, cell surface receptors, adhesion molecules.

27
Q

Scurvy

A

Defective collagen formation

    • impaired wound healing
    • Capillary hemorrhage
  • -Deficient platelet, fibroblast and osteoblast function

Vitamin C deficiency (ascorbic acid)

  • -cofactor and reductant
  • -propyl hydroxylase: catalyzes hydroxylation of hydroxyproline
28
Q

Hypovitaminosis

A

Rare in healthy adults in western countries
– most common in elderly, infants, homeless, substance abuse

Generally function as:

    • cofactors
  • -coenzymes
29
Q

Cofactor

A

inorganic substances that are required for enzyme catalysis

30
Q

coenzyme

A

organic substances that are required for enzyme catalysis

31
Q

Occluding junctions

A

tight junctions seals gap between epithelial cells

MCM test 2 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions