10 childhood viruses Flashcards
what are some symptoms of measels?
Koplik spots in the gums.
mesels rash
Characteristic maculopapular rash,
cough, conjunctivitis, coryza, photophobia, Koplik spots
Complications: otitis media, croup, pneumonia, blindness, encephalitis
Measles mumps,
Live, attenuated viruses given as combination
12 -15 months and 4 - 6 yrs Induce strong, long-lasting
antibody response
Vaccine-induced immunity blocks virus during systemic stage and prevents infection of target organs
what disease is this?
Virus infects epithelial cells of respiratory tract. Virus spreads systemically by viremia.
Infection of parotid gland, testes, and central nervous system occurs.
Principal symptom is swelling of parotid glands caused by inflammation.
why is the mumps live attenuated viris effective?
• Humans only host • Only one serotype • Lifelong immunity
what kind of virus is rubella?
it is a toga virus
that only has one serotype
only effects humans
does not cause readily detectable cytopathologic effects
• can cause asymptomatic infections
Prominent Clinical Findings in Congenital Rubella Syndrome
cataracts and other ocular defects heart defects
deafness
intrauterine growth retardation failure to thrive
Rubella rash
mortality within the first year microencephaly
mental retardation
what does rubella do in children?
what does it do in neonates?
what does it do in adults?
children: causes a mild rash
neonates: causes congenital defects
Adults: arthritis
what is Parvo virsus B19.
what is the nucleic acid?
where does it replicate?
it is a ssDNA
replicate in nucleaus
what kind of cells are infected by Parvovirus B19 ?
infects actively replicating red blood cell progenitors in bone marrow (viremia)
what phase does the host cell need to be in for parvovirus to work?
must be in the S phase.
whats the intubation period for parvo virus?
6 days.
• B19 virus usually causes clinically inapparent infection
what is the apparent disease called?
fifth disease
bright red cheeks
maculopapular rash
circulating immune complexes, do not fix
what are some complications of B19 infection?
can cause anemia
• In chronic hemolytic anemia patients virus causes aplastic crisis due to destruction of red cell progenitors
When transmitted to the fetus (verticle):
- can cause still births, generalized edema (fetal hydrops), anemia, congestive heart failure
- associated with fetal death, not congenital abnormalities
what viruses replicate in the GI track?
rotavirus
norovirus
what is the genome of the rotavirus?
does it have an envelope?
what leads to a reassortment of the segments?
11 double stranded RNAs
no envelope - three layer capsid
co infection
there are multiple serotypes.
how does rotavirus cause diarrhea?
virus getsin to the cell and causes an internal increase in Ca from ER by making NSP4
the NSP4 can also interupt the tight junctions allowing the paracellualr flow of water and electrolytes.
what are teh current rotavirus vaccines?
what are some concerns about it?
RotaTeq
Current Rotavirus Vaccines
Approved by the FDA in 2006
Live attenuated vaccine, human – bovine reassortant,
mixture of 5 different virus types
Given 3 times orally between ages 2, 4 and 6 months
Rotarix
Approved by the FDA in 2008
Live attenuated single human strain, based on most
prevalent circulating strain globally
Given 2 times orally at about 2 and 4 months
Considerations
Vaccine related intussusception
Possible reversion to virulent strain
Viremia – side effects
Shedding of virus by vaccine recipients Immunosuppressed children
what virus is the major cause of food borne illness of acute gastroenteritis?
norovirus.
when is the most commmon time to get norovirus?
when do you get sympotoms?
in the winter
get symotoms 1 day after and lasts up to 3 days.
what is the genome of norovirus?
what could you use for antiviral therapys?
what could you target for virus like particles?
ssRNA+
Logical targets for the design of antiviral therapies Pro – viral protease
Pol – viral polymerses (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
Target for virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines
what are the viruses that cause viremia?
poliovirus
enterviruses
- coxsackie virus
- echovirsu
what are 4 clinical syndroms that are associated with enterovirus?
paralytic diesase
encephalitus, meningitis
respitory tract infections
undifferentiated fever.
when are the most enterovirus cases seen?
in the late summer and fall.
• Most viral meningitis, especially in the summer months, is caused by enteroviruses
wat are the symptoms seen in kids?
what are the symptoms seen in adults?
Common symptoms in infants
- Fever
- Irritability
- Poor eating
- Hard to awaken
Common symptoms in adults
- Headache
- Fever, chills
- Nausea, vomiting • Stiff neck
- Sensitivity to light
