10 - Bone Dz

Question 1

how long does bone remodeling take?

Answer 1

4-8 mo

Question 2

regulatory fn of: RANKL, OPG, TGFbeta1

Answer 2

RANKL activates osteoclasts
OPG (osteoprotegerin) competitively binds RANKL to inhibit activation of osteoclasts
TGFbeta1 inhibits osteoclasts and promotes osteoblasts

Question 3

3 common fracture sites in osteoporosis

Answer 3

spine
hip
wrist

Question 4

med class that makes osteoporosis worse

Answer 4

corticosteroids

Question 5

what is an abnl bone density?

Answer 5

more than one SD below young adult female reference mean (osteopenia), osteoporosis when >2.5 SD below

Question 6

tx for osteoporosis (7)

Answer 6

Ca + vit D
bisphosphonates *1st line
teriparatide (can't be used w/ bisphosphonates)
SERMs (raloxifene)
HRT
calcitonin
denosumab

Question 7

bisphosphonates mech

Answer 7

block GTPase from binding to osteoclast cell membrane > cant make ruffled border > impaired resorption

Question 8

markers to look for for paget’s dz

Answer 8

urinary and serum N-telopeptide (signals inc bone resorption)

Question 9

tx of paget’s

Answer 9

bisphosphonates

Question 10

underlying problem of osteopetrosis

Answer 10

dec osteoclast activity

Question 11

marker for osteopetrosis

Answer 11

osteoclast derived TRAP (tartrate resistant acid phosphatase) elevated