10: Biodiversity

Question 1

Species

Answer 1

two organisms belong to the same species if they are able to produce fertile offspring. they must pass on advantageous alleles for survival of the species. courtship behaviour is essential for successful mating and species recognition, which helps a species to survive

Question 2

Courtship behaviour

Answer 2

sequence of actions which is unique to each species. how animals identify members of their own species to reproduce with.
- most courtship rituals performed by males
- females observe courtship ritual and decide if want to mate

• this allows them to recognise own species and the opposite sex
• synchronises mating behaviour (sexually mature and in season)

Question 3

to ensure survival of offspring

Answer 3

• pair bond
• choose a strong and healthy mate

Question 4

advantage of courtship rituals

Answer 4

you can identify how closely related different species are

Question 5

Phylogenetic classification

Answer 5

• arranges species into groups according to their evolutionary relationships and origins
• tells us how closely related species are and how recent their shared ancestors are

Question 6

Hierachy

Answer 6

smaller groups arranged within larger groups

Question 7

Taxonomy

Answer 7

• domain
  -kingdom
  -phylum
  -class
• order
• family
• genus
• species
• each group is called a taxa. dear king phillip come over for good soup

Question 8

Biodiversity divides into:

Answer 8

• species diversity (number of different species in one community)
• genetic diversity (variety of genes amongst all individuals that make up the population of the species)
• ecosystem diversity (range of different habitats)

Question 9

Species richness

Answer 9

number of different species in a particular area in a given time

Question 10

Farming techniques can reduce biodiversity

Answer 10

• destruction of hedgerows
• selective breeding
• monocultures
• overgrazing
• filling in ponds and draining wetlands

Question 11

Index of diversity

Answer 11

• describes the relationship between the number of species in a community and the number of individuals in each species