10/8 Abdomen I

Question 1

rectus abdominus

o/i/inn/action

Answer 1

pubic crest
xiphoid process and costal margin
lower 6 intercostal, subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioingunal nn
trunk movement, breathing, defecating, support

Question 2

external abdominal oblique

o/i/inn/action

Answer 2

lower 8 ribs
rectus sheath
lower 6 intercostal, subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioingunal nn
trunk movement, breathing, defecation, support

Question 3

internal abdominal oblique

o/i/inn/action

Answer 3

lateral 2/3 of inguinal ligament, iliac crest, and thoracolumbar fascia
rectus sheath
lower 6 intercostal, subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioingunal nn
trunk movement, defecation, breathing, support

Question 4

transversus abdominis

Answer 4

lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
rectus sheath
lower 6 intercostal, subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal nn
trunk movement, support, breathing, defecation

Question 5

what vertebral level/dermatome: transumbilical plane

Answer 5

L3 disc

T10

Question 6

what vertebral level: transpyloric plane

Answer 6

L1 disc

Question 7

what is the tela subcutanea

Answer 7

just deep to the skin of the abdomen
superficial fatty layer = Camper’s fascia
deep membranous layer: Scarpa’s fascia

Question 8

difference above/below arcuate line

Answer 8

above, anterior and posterior recuts sheath

below, you only have anterior rectus sheath

Question 9

which abdominal aa anastomose?

Answer 9

sup and inf epigastric aa

Question 10

what are the two relevant branches of the internal thoracic a

Answer 10

sup epigastric a

musculophrenic a

Question 11

what are the two relevant branches of the external iliac a

Answer 11

inf epigastric a

deep cicumflex iliac a

Question 12

layers of the inguinal canal (sup to deep)

Answer 12

EAO (superficial inguinal lig)
IAO
TA
transversalis fascia (deep inguinal ring) (inf epigastric v/a pass medially)

Question 13

what makes up the inguinal ligament

Answer 13

underturned inferior margin of the EAO, inserts on pubic tubercle

Question 14

what is the conjoint tendon, and other name

Answer 14

falx inguinalis
inserts on pubic crest
contributions from IAO and TA

Question 15

boundaries of the inguinal canal (buckle up)

Answer 15

roof: TA/IAO
floor: inguinal ligament, lacunar ligament
ant: TA/IAO
post: transversalis fascia, conjoint tendon, inf epigastric v/a

Question 16

what is the deep inguinal ring

Answer 16

opening in the transversalis fascia

Question 17

what is the superfascial inguinal ring

Answer 17

slit in EAO aponeurosis, medial and lateral crura

Question 18

what is the “weak spot?”

Answer 18

hasselbach’s triangle/inguinal triangle
lateral margin of RA, inf epigastric v/a, inguinal ligament
site of direct hernias

Question 19

layers of the spermatic cord

Answer 19

pulls them down through inguinal rings

external spermatic fascia (from EAO aponeurosis)
cremasteric m + fascia (from IAO)
internal spermatic fascia (from transversalis fascia)

Question 20

contents of spermatic cord

Answer 20

vas deferens
testicular a
pampiniform venous plexus
genital branch of genitofemoral n

Question 21

two types of inguinal hernias

Answer 21

direct

indirect

Question 22

direct inguinal hernia

Answer 22

goes through abdominal wall
medial to epigastric v/a
through hasselbach’s triangle

Question 23

indirect inguinal hernia

Answer 23

passes through inguinal canal
lateral to epigastric a/v
w/in spermatic cord (to scrotal sac)