10/29/2024 Test

Question 1

Cells

Answer 1

the basic building blocks of all living things.

Question 2

Animalcules

Answer 2

a very small organism that is invisible or nearly invisible to the naked eye.

Question 3

Prokaryote

Answer 3

organisms whose cells lack a nucleus and other organelles

Question 4

Eukaryote

Answer 4

an organism whose cells contain a nucleus within a membrane.

Question 5

Cell Wall

Answer 5

the protective, semi-permeable outer layer of a plant cell.

Question 6

Chromatin

Answer 6

a mixture of DNA and proteins that form the chromosomes found in the cells of humans and other higher organisms

Question 7

Chromosomes

Answer 7

A structure found inside the nucleus of a cell.

Question 8

Nucleolus

Answer 8

An area inside the nucleus of a cell that is made up of RNA and proteins and is where ribosomes are made.

Question 9

Nuclear Envelope

Answer 9

the two-layered membrane that surrounds the nucleus and separates it from the other cell organelles

Question 10

Porous

Answer 10

has many small holes, so liquid or air can pass through, especially slowly

Question 11

Cytoskeleton

Answer 11

The large network consisting of protein fibers and other molecules that gives shape and structure to cells in the body

Question 12

Microtubules

Answer 12

A narrow, hollow tube-like structure found in the cytoplasm (the fluid inside a cell) of plant and animal cells.

Question 13

Microfilaments

Answer 13

protein filaments in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that form part of the cytoskeleton

Question 14

intermediate filaments

Answer 14

a type of cytoskeletal component found in eukaryotic cells that have a diameter of around 8-10 nm.

Question 15

cilia

Answer 15

small, slender, hair-like structures present on the surface of all mammalian cells

Question 16

flagella

Answer 16

microscopic hair-like structures involved in the locomotion of a cell.

Question 17

ribosomes

Answer 17

a structure found inside cells that is involved in making proteins. Ribosomes help link amino acids together to form proteins.

Question 18

endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 18

a network of membranes inside a cell through which proteins and other molecules move

Question 19

golgi apparatus

Answer 19

A stack of small flat sacs formed by membranes inside the cell’s cytoplasm

Question 20

lysosomes

Answer 20

a membrane-bound cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes

Question 21

lytic enzymes

Answer 21

able to hydrolyze the peptidoglycan responsible for the rigidity of the bacterial cell wall

Question 22

vacuoles

Answer 22

storage areas for cells and important cell parts. Inside a membrane, or thin outer layer, they store water, food, waste, and other things for the cell. Animal cells have many small vacuoles, while plant cells have large vacuoles that store water.

Question 23

vesicles

Answer 23

small cellular containers that perform a variety of functions

Question 24

chloroplasts

Answer 24

small, but critical structures inside of plant cells

Question 25

mitochondria

Answer 25

an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur. It has a double membrane, the inner layer being folded inward to form layers (cristae).