10 / 23 QUIZ

Question 1

Sensation

Answer 1

Process where sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimuli from the environment.

Question 2

Psychophysics

Answer 2

Study of relationships between the physical characteristics of stimuli (such as their intensity) and our psychological experience of them.

Question 3

Sensory Receptors

Answer 3

cells that convert sensory stimuli into nerve impulses that are sent to the cns.

Question 4

Signal Detection Theory

Answer 4

Theory predicts when we will detect a weak stimulus considering a person’s experience, expectations, motivations, and alertness.

Question 5

Absolute Threshold

Answer 5

The minimum stimulation necessary to detect a stimulus 50% of the time (the point at which we become aware of a sensory stimulus).

Question 6

Just Noticable Difference (Difference threshold)

Answer 6

The minimum difference a person can detect between any two stimuli half the time.

Question 7

Weber’s Law

Answer 7

To be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage rather than a constant amount.

Question 8

Sensory Adaptation

Answer 8

Diminished sensitivity as a result of constant stimulation.

Question 9

Sensory Interaction

Answer 9

the process by which the five senses work together ti create a complete picture of the environment and help a person respond to stimuli.

Question 10

Synesthesia

Answer 10

A neurological condition in which stimulation of one sensory or cognitive pathway leads to automatic/involuntary in a second sensory or cognitive pathway.

Question 11

Embodied Cognition

Answer 11

The brain and body are closely linked in cognitive process

Question 12

Subliminal

Answer 12

Stimuli below absolute threshold for conscious awareness. May lead to unconscious processing.

Question 13

Priming

Answer 13

Activation of certain associations, predisposing perception and/or memory (often unconscious).

Question 14

Transduction

Answer 14

Transforming sensory energy (light, sound waves) to neural impulses.

Question 15

Perception

Answer 15

Process of organizing and interpreting sensory information.

Question 16

Bottom-up processing

Answer 16

Starts at the sensory receptors and works up to higher levels of processing.

Question 17

Top-down processing

Answer 17

Constructs perceptions from the sensory input by drawing on our experience and expectations.

Question 18

Selective Attention

Answer 18

Focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus.

Question 19

Inattentional blindness

Answer 19

Failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere.

Question 20

Change Blindness

Answer 20

Failing to notice changes in the environment.

Question 21

retina

Answer 21

light sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the receptor rods plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information.

Question 22

blind spot/optic disk

Answer 22

there are no photoreceptors in front of the optic nerve

Question 23

visual nerve/optic nerve

Answer 23

sends neural impulses from retina to brain.

Question 24

lens

Answer 24

transparent structure that changes shape (accommodation) to focus images on the retina.

Question 25

nearsightedness

Answer 25

visual image is focused in front of the retina.

Question 26

farsightedness

Answer 26

visual image is focused behind the retina.

Question 27

fovea

Answer 27

dip in the macula with highest visual acuity (high res)

Question 28

photoreceptors

Answer 28

cells in the retina responsible for converting light into signals sent to the brain

Question 29

cones

Answer 29

detect color, near center of retina, good for bright, daylight.

Question 30

rods

Answer 30

detect light intensity; sensitive, good for low light and periphery.

Question 31

(young-helmholtz) trichromatic theory

Answer 31

any color can be created by combining primary colors, the eye must have 3 corresponding types of color receptors.

Question 32

opponent-process theory

Question 33

afterimages

Question 34

ganglion cells

Question 35

dichromatism

Answer 35

two colors, two cones

Question 36

monochromatism

Answer 36

one color, one cone

Question 37

blindsight

Question 38

cornea

Answer 38

transparent tissue in front of eye, protects underlying structures, bends and focuses light.

Question 39

pupil

Answer 39

adjustable opening in the center of the eye allowing light to enter

Question 40

iris

Answer 40

colorful ring of muscle tissue controlling the size of the pupil.

Question 41

feature detectors

Answer 41

nerve cells in the visual cortex that respond to specific features of the stimulus, such as shape, angle, movement.

Question 42

prosopagnosia

Answer 42

damage to the right temporal lobe which results in face blindness