10/21 Transport of Lipids

Question 1

fxn of fibrates

Answer 1

increase LPL expression via PPAR-a so TGs are broken down in the blood to FAs

side effects: gallstones and myalgia

Question 2

VLDL creation

Answer 2

in the liver, TGs are packed around ApoB-100 by MTP

Question 3

ezetimibe

Answer 3

inhibits uptake of cholesterol from gut lumen by enterocytes

Question 4

what other labs can hypertriglyceridemia fuck up

Answer 4

increase in VLDL, increase in LDL, increase in cholesterold deposits in blood vessels

Question 5

HDL role

Answer 5

cholesterol from peripheral tissues to liver, prevents improper accumulatio of cholesterol, gives ApoCII and ApoE to other lipoproteins

Question 6

IDL role

Answer 6

when LPL breaks down VLDL, most FAs go into cells, but remaining clump in blood is now called intermediate density lipoprotein. either go to liver for breakdown or become LDL.

cholesterol rich, has ApoE

Question 7

LDL role

Answer 7

from IDL that has returned to the liver, hepatic lipase removes more TGs, now even denser = LDL, delivers C and CE to tissues with LDL receptors

has least amount of TGs

Question 8

atherosclerosis

Answer 8

deposition of LDL in vessel walls can lead to lesions, foam cells, inflammation, smooth m hyperplasia, fibrosis

Question 9

ApoB-100

Answer 9

contains ligand for LDL receptors on liber, main building block of VLDL in liver

Question 10

MTP

Answer 10

packs VLDL in liver

defect: abetalipoproteinemia (cal deficit, night blindness, spinal and neural defects, acanthocytes, vomiting

Question 11

LPL

Answer 11

releases FAs from VLDL in blood
requires ApoCII

(+) insulin, fibrates

Question 12

ApoA-1

Answer 12

building block for HDL in liver

Question 13

LCAT

Answer 13

picked up by HDL in the blood, allows HDL to pick up C, internalize them, and make them CEs

Question 14

CETP

Answer 14

exchanges TGs (from chylomicrons and VLDLs) for CEs (from HDL)