1 - What is Biological Anthropology Flashcards

1
Q

Levels of biological organisation evolution occurs at

A

Species –> Individuals –> Molecules (DNA, proteins)

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2
Q

MIcroevolution

A

Small genetic changes that occur within a species

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3
Q

Macroevolution

A

Changes after many generations (e.g. speciation)

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4
Q

Evolution

A

A change in the inherited characteristics of biological populations over successive generations

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5
Q

Pre Darwinian western world view

A
  • Fixity of species (Christianity) - life made by god
  • Great chain of being (Aristotle) - hierarchy
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6
Q

Father of taxonomy

A

Carolus Linnaeus

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7
Q

Systema Naturae

A

Binomial nomenclature

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8
Q

Georges Cuvier

A
  • First paleontologist
  • Establishes vertebrate paleontology
  • Ended extinction debate
  • Began study of fossil record
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9
Q

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

A

Early advocate of evolution of species

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10
Q

Evolution

A
  • As environment changes, animals change through
    use/disuse of structures
  • Acquired changes are passed onto offspring
  • Inheritance of acquired characteristics (wrong)
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11
Q

Thomas Malthus

A
  • Political economist / Demographer
  • Populations grow exponentially in times of plenty, but eventually are checked by famines, disease
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12
Q

Charles Lyell

A
  • Developed principle of Uniformitarianism
  • Indicated earth was very old
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13
Q

Uniformitarianism

A

Same geologic processes that influence the Earth today (e.g. erosion), influenced it in the past

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14
Q

Alfred Russel Wallace

A

Independently developed idea of natural selection

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15
Q

Darwin’s Influences

A
  • Lyell: Earth old enough for significant changes to have taken place
  • Lamarck: biological change over time
  • Malthus: organisms compete over limited resources
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16
Q
A