1 - Urinary System Review of Anatomy Flashcards
What is each demarcated structure?
In what cavity are the kidneys located? What level are they at?
Abdominal cavity - retroperitoneal and adjacent to the posterior abdominal wall.
Located between vertebral levels T12-L3; the right is slightly lower than the left because of the liver.
What is each structure and what does each carry?
What is carried by each structure?
What are the major structural components of the kidney that drain into the ureter? What is the renal lobe composed of?
2 or 3 minor calyxes fuse into a major calyx, which fuse to form the renal pelvis which drains into the ureter.
Renal lobe = medullary pyradmid + surrounding cortex
What is the arterial blood flow to the kidneys?
Renal a. > segmental aa. > Interlobar aa. > Arcuate aa. > Interlobular aa. > Afferent arterioles > glomerulus > Efferent arterioles > peritubular capillaries and vasa recta
What is the venous blood flow that carries blood away from the kidneys?
Interlobular vv. > Arcuate vv. > Interlobar vv. > Renal vein
___% of people have an additional renal artery.
30%
How much of the cardiac output supplies the kidneys?
The renal arteries (branches of the abdominal aorta) supply the kidneys with 20-25% of the CO.
What is the sympathetic innervation of the kidneys, ureter, and urinary bladder?
Sympathetic input from spinal cord levels T10-L1, the ureters and urinary bladder from T11-L2
What is the parasympathetic innervation of the kidneys, ureters, and urinary bladder?
Derived from the vagus nerve (kidneys and ureter) and pelvic splanchnic nerves (ureter and urinary bladder).
Where is the referred pain from the kidneys and ureter felt?
In the T10-L2 spinal cord level distribution (belly button or a little below)
