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Year 12 IT - Unit 1 Exam > 1 - Understand computer hardware > Flashcards

1 - Understand computer hardware Flashcards

1
Q

Give examples of an input device

A

Keyboard, mouse, scanner, microphone

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2
Q

what does ram do for a computer?

A

ram makes it possible to find specific information very quickly. It is a form of fast-access, volatile storage that is used as the main memory in computer systems.

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3
Q

Output Device definition

A

Puts information out of the computer

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4
Q

Hard Drive definition

A

Permanent storage

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5
Q

PSU – Power Supply Unit definition

A

Converts power from plug to all computer parts

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6
Q

GPU – Graphics Processing Unit definition

A

Renders video for the monitor

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7
Q

Operating System definition

A

Software that allows you to communicate with the computer

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8
Q

Computer Case definition

A

Housing for the computer parts

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9
Q

What are the other names for a CPU?

A

Processor and microchip.

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10
Q

When buying a motherboard, what do you have to make sure of?

A

Ensure that the motherboard is designed for your CPU.

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11
Q

What is the full name of SATA? What does it do?

A

Serial Advanced technology attachment. SATA allows devices such as optical and other hard drives to link to a computer. (Linked to another port on motherboard with a 7-pin ribbon cable).

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12
Q

What is an Ethernet used for?

A

Used for cable-based networks.

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13
Q

What is the Main purpose of a input device?

A

Allowing the user to communicate with the computer.

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14
Q

What is the main purpose of a output device?

A

To allow the computer to communicate with the user.

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15
Q

What are Plotters?

A

Plotters a tool to do large scale drawings (acts as a large scale mechanical pen)

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16
Q

What is a braille terminal?

A

It is a specialised reader for visually impaired users.

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17
Q

What is a terminal adapter used for?

A

Allows computers to link into integrated service digital network.

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18
Q

Give an example of an output device

A

Printer, Speakers, Headphones, Braille Terminal

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19
Q

What is the purpose of a Modem?

A

Enables computers to communicate via a telephone line. It converts digital signals into analogue

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20
Q

What is the purpose of ROM?

A

Holds the boost program/BIOS, used to start the server

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21
Q

What is the purpose of Cache?

A

Stores data that is accessed frequently, to allow faster access to the data.

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22
Q

Why would you use a router rather than a hybrid device?

A

1) A standalone router has more complex functions.
2) It is more suitable for a business environment.
3) a router has additional features like VPN, so if the router fails then other features are available.

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23
Q

What is meant by virtual client?

A

It is a full desktop environment where the processing happens remotely.

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24
Q

What does ALU stand for?

A

Arithmetic Logic Unit

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25
Q

What does a register do?

A

It stores data which is to be processed within the ALU

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26
Q

What does ISDN stand for?

A

Integrated Service Digital Network

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27
Q

What are all five computer systems?

A

1) Desktop
2) Tablet/Laptop
3) Smartphones
4) Embedded systems/Internet of Things
5) Mainframe and quantum computers

28
Q

What is a Desktop?

A

A computer system that allows the user to carry out a range of activities for personal or business purposes like:

1) document creation
2) data manipulation
3) game playing
4) design and communication facilities

29
Q

What are the advantages of a desktop?

A

It is easy to upgrade and it is suitable for multitasking

30
Q

What are the disadvantages of a desktop?

A

It is not portable
Takes up a lot of space
Has an irregular sized keyboard

31
Q

What is a tablet/laptop?

A

A personal computer that is smaller than a desktop. It has replaced a mouse with a touch pad and the keyboard is replaced with a smaller one that folds onto the monitor or a virtual one.

32
Q

What are advantages of a tablet/laptop?

A

Can be used wirelessly
Portable
Takes up little space

33
Q

What are disadvantages of a tablet/laptop?

A

Cannot be physically upgraded

34
Q

What is a smartphone?

A

A mobile phone that preforms many of the function of a computer like:

1) run applications
2) send and recive messages

35
Q

What are the advantages of a smartphone?

A

Has most of the functions of a laptop, but it is portable.

36
Q

What are disadvantages of a smartphone?

A

1) If the smartphone is unlocked and left in public, anyone can see the private information.
2) malware and security software not as strong as the ones in a PC.

37
Q

What is a mainframe?

A

Huge machines designed to solve scientific and engineering problems that require complex calculations.

38
Q

What are advantages of a mainframe?

A

Ideal for big data analytics, data warehouse etc

39
Q

What are disadvantages of a mainframe?

A

Significantly higher cost then a laptop. Requires teams of experts to oversee it.

40
Q

What are the two copper wire connection?

A

UTP and STP

41
Q

What does UTP stand for?

A

Unshielded Twisted Pairs

42
Q

Benefits of STP cables

A

Metallic foil casing blocks electromagnet interference, allowing it to carry data at a faster rate of speed

43
Q

Drawbacks of STP cables

A

Bigger and more expensive than UTP cables.

44
Q

Benefits of UTP cables

A

They are smaller than STP cables, which makes them easier to install, particularly in bulk or in narrow spaces.

45
Q

Drawbacks of UTP cables

A

they are more prone to noise than properly installed and maintained STP cables.

46
Q

Benefits of Optical Fibre cables

A

Provides the fastest data delivery by cable. Because the fibre is as thin as a human hair, the signal is better.

47
Q

Drawbacks of Optical Fibre cables

A

They are uni-directional (can only go in one direction). There have to be at least two together so they can go in both directions.

48
Q

What does wireless technology use to transmit data?

A

Radio Frequency Signals

49
Q

What is Bluetooth used for?

A

Short-range communication between two devices.

50
Q

What is the range for Bluetooth?

A

Within 10 meters

51
Q

What is Wifi used for?

A

Connecting devices via a network hub

52
Q

What is the range of Wifi?

A

Up to 92 meters

53
Q

What are Laser Networks used for?

A

Sending large amount of data, using a light beam. Also satellite to satellite communication.

54
Q

What is the range of Laser Networks?

A

Up to 10km

Can be blocked by fog and haze

55
Q

What is infrared technology used for?

A

Convey data through infrared (IR) radiation

56
Q

What is the range of Infrared Technology?

A

Devices must be in line of sight, only a few meters apart.

57
Q

What is Microwave Communication used for?

A

Uses short radio waves to send signals via microwave towers. Can provide analogue of digital formats.

58
Q

What is the range of Microwave Communication?

A

Must be in the line of sight with no obstructions between them.

59
Q

Definition of troubleshoot

A

The ability to analyse and solve issues with information systems

60
Q

How do hardware faults arise?

A

Power surges, poor maintenance, accidental damage, malware or intentional damage

61
Q

What does the fault log sheet identify?

A

Machine, owners or user, fault, date, symptoms, problem history and backup documentation

62
Q

What would you do to investigate problems?

A

Always look for the simplest explanation first

Record steps and confirm completion

Record tools used

Record actions

Record time taken

63
Q

What are the two main trouble shooting tools?

A

Event viewer and Self-test programs

64
Q

What is an Event Viewer?

A

When an error occurs on a computer, the event viewer is updated with information about it.

65
Q

Name two Self-Test Programs?

A

Post on Self-Test, POST

Ping test

66
Q

What is a POST?

A

Checks memory, power supply, hardware, CPU, BIOS and heat/cooling.

67
Q

What is a ping test?

A

Tests connectivity between requesting host and the destination host. It uses ICMP, Internet Control Message Protocol

Year 12 IT - Unit 1 Exam (5 decks)

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