1) Towards the 1867 reform act

Question 1

Did the secret ballot change anything?

Answer 1

No. Henry Hunt was unseated from a seat in Preston by a Whig Tory, one of the richest families.
Gladstone was elected to his Newark constituency due to the Duke of Newcastle’s control over the election

Question 2

Were there still uncontested seats?

Answer 2

The number of uncontested seats was 28% in the first election after GRA but this went up to 51% by 1841

Question 3

Introduction of resignation in order vote meant that…

Answer 3

There were more polarised parties and active campaigns, also political clubs like Tory Charlton Club 1832 and Whig-sponsored Reform Club 1836

Question 4

Which act gave councils greater powers and made them more elected?

Answer 4

1835 Municipal corporations act

Question 5

When did the Tory party shift to the Conservative party and who led this change?

Answer 5

Peel, 1834

Question 6

Name two radical reformers and what they did…

Answer 6

Joseph Hume 1848-52

Peter King committed to extending the County franchise

Question 7

In which period were the Tories in government

Answer 7

41-46, otherwise politically unpopular

Question 8

How much did the popn grow by between 31 and 61 in England and Wales?

Answer 8

20 million

Question 9

Why did Newspapers become more accessible

Answer 9

Papers abolished in 61

Question 10

How much did illiteracy reduce by between 40 and 70?

Answer 10

19%

Question 11

What can indicate that the country was, indeed politically engaged and aware?

Answer 11

1849 Supported italian unif
1861 American Cotton workers were anti slavery and didn’t complain about the situation despite it not being beneficial for them
Growing liberalism
Convincing Gladstone of their readiness to vote

Question 12

What did Lord John Russel try to do in 1852?

Answer 12

Decrease voting qualification by £4
Rejected due to fear of working class power and partisan divide

Question 13

What liberal move was made in 1858

Answer 13

abolition of property qualification for MPs

Question 14

Where did Palmerston, elected 1859, stand on reform.

Answer 14

More interested in foreign affairs and opposed to democratic expansion

Question 15

Who started asking for reform in 1858?

Answer 15

John Bright MP

Question 16

Cotton- how many jobs did the Lancashire industry provide?

Answer 16

355,000

Question 17

What did the outbreak of civil war in 61 cause

Answer 17

The ‘cotton famine’

Question 18

What happened in 1864?

Answer 18

• Reform Union formed (HEHE) Sought to extend the franchise to all rate payers, redistribute seats
• Middle class and employers, e.g. Morley Wool manufacturer from Nottingham and MP since 1865
• Respectable lobby group

Question 19

What happened in 1865?

Answer 19

Foundation of the Reform League
More radical
-Had less money than the union but more widespread support from Chartists and unions.
-Moderate methods- radical unionists banned.
-Respectable yet assertive
-Believed that violence would only result in hostility.

Question 20

What happened in 1866?

Answer 20

Palmerstone died in 1865- Earl Russel back in Government
Gladstone presented a moderate reform bill that included the reduction of borough franchise to £7. Enfranchising 200,000 skilled workers who were expected to be liberal voters
-Counties reduce rental qualification to £14- 170,000 more voters

Question 21

Who were the Adullamites?

Answer 21

Deep-rooted divisions in the liberal party revealed by Gladstone.
People who thought that the bill was excessively liberal and supported the views of the late Palmerstone
Robert Lowe argued that the working classes couldn’t understand politics and enfranchisement would lead to political corruption.

Question 22

What were the Hyde Park Riots caused by

Answer 22

The amendments to the reform act caused by the reform league that would reduce the number of people enfranchised.

Question 23

Who introduced the 1867 reform act?

Answer 23

Disraeli

Question 24

What effect did the introduction of the reform act have?

Answer 24

Divided the Conservative party- Lord Cranborne and Jonathon Peel.

Question 25

Was this more or less liberal than the Liberal bill

Answer 25

Less- but later amendments. Political success more important than the bill itself.

Question 26

What did the 67 bill do

Answer 26

45 seats taken from boroughs with less than 10,000
25 of those extra seats went to the counties, 20 to new boroughs 6 boroughs existing
£10 for householders who lived there for more than a year

Question 27

Impact of the 1868 bill

Answer 27

Electoral defeat for the conservatives in 68
Impossible to rig an election -2.46 voters
Parties now had to campaign to get votes
–Liberal party had grasped this earlier which is why they won 68
Parties more national
Diverse electorate
Liverpool and Manc more clout

Question 28

What are some negative impacts?

Answer 28

Midlands and North still underrepresented and South over

Borough residency ensured continued disenfranchising for those who had to travel for work.