1) Towards Chartism

Question 1

What was the overall effect of the GRA?

Answer 1

To join the shopocrats and the whiggocrats in the mutual cause of quelling the rising spirit of democracy,

Question 2

Who did the act favour?

Answer 2

People who owned property

Question 3

Which association did Lovett form?

Answer 3

London Working Men’s association in 1836

Question 4

Wo did the LWMA help to elect in 1838

Answer 4

O’Connell and Roebuck

Question 5

What was the LWMA after?

Answer 5

• Equal representation
• Universal manhood suffrage
• Annual parliamentary elections
• Removal of property qualifications for MPs.
• Secret Ballots.
• Payment of MPs

Question 6

Name three types of people who were typically involved in Chartism in large numbers

Answer 6

• Women
• Irish
• Middle class

Question 7

Name another association

Answer 7

Birmingham Charter Association

Question 8

What was the divide between two types of chartist

Answer 8

-Moral
-Physical
force chartism

Question 9

When was the Chartist’s first national convention

Answer 9

1839

Question 10

Who were after the use of pamphlets and petitions?

Answer 10

Lovett and Atwood.

Question 11

Who wanted to loom the threat of armed revolution and strikes?

Answer 11

O’Connor, O’Brien and Harney

Question 12

How much higher than 1819 were the wheat prices in 38?

Answer 12

64%

Question 13

What was the reason for this?

Answer 13

Bad harvests from 38 to 41

Question 14

When was the peak of the chartist movement

Answer 14

41-42, coinciding with high unemployment

Question 15

When was the irish potato famine?

Answer 15

40s

Question 16

What happened in the 50s when the economy improved?

Answer 16

Many left for New Model Unions

Question 17

What other factor was there?

Answer 17

Industrialisation- economic exploitation and rapid change

Question 18

Where were the regional concentrations of chartism and what does this coincide with?

Answer 18

-West riding
-South Lancashire
Both underwent rapid industrialisaiton
Chartists concentrated in industrial cities

Question 19

What were most female chartists employed in?

Answer 19

Textiles

Question 20

Where was Chartism almost non-existent?

Answer 20

Rural lancashire

Question 21

Which economic policy were they unhappy with?

Answer 21

Laissez-faire policies

Question 22

Brindle and Padiham were notable for what?

Answer 22

Militant radicalism

Question 23

What contradicts this argument?

Answer 23

North-East England and West Scotland had strong ship-building industry which means it was not all economic

Question 24

Who were two main influences of political chartism?

Answer 24

• Wollstonecraft and Paine

- Natural rights and emancipation

Question 25

Who attempted to start a Female chartist Association

Answer 25

• Susanna Ingre

- Mary Ann walker

Question 26

Which 3 publications aided this movement?

Answer 26

• Poor man’s guardian
• The Northern Star
• The gauntlet

Question 27

Who wrote ‘The rights of women’

Answer 27

RJ Richardson

Question 28

What was the circulation of the northern star?

Answer 28

30,000

Question 29

What was the National Convention?

Answer 29

• Equal representation and democracy

- Central and organised election of delegates that was the opposite of Luddism and Swing Riots

Question 30

Which 1934 act was Chartism protesting

Answer 30

1934 Poor Law Amendment Act

Question 31

How can you sum up political motivation at this time?

Answer 31

• Economic grievances expressed politically

- Opposed to Economic policies of Whigs.

Question 32

Name one Chartist Rally

Answer 32

Glasgow green May 1838, 150,000 attendents

Henry Hunt

Question 33

How many of Sheffield’s councillors were chartists in 1849?

Answer 33

22

Question 34

It could also be argued that despite economic impetus…

Answer 34

Consensus that political change was needed.

Question 35

How can you link the political ad economic issues?

Answer 35

Both aspects informed and relied upon the other, feeding in the aristocratic hegemony that people were so frustrated with.

Question 36

When did Chartism peter out?

Answer 36

1850

Question 37

Which term defines the economic motivation of Chartism?

Answer 37

‘Hunger politics’

Question 38

Was the main issue of Chartism

Answer 38

Moral and physical force Chartism- lack of cohesion

Question 39

What happened to O’Connor

Answer 39

Failed to galvanise the movement with middle class support

Question 40

What happened to Lovett?

Answer 40

Abandoned the movement after serving his time in prison- aims too ambitious

Question 41

Which Gov legislation undermined the Chartist movement?

Answer 41

1846 repeal of the corn laws

1847 Ten hours act

Question 42

Give an example of the Gov using military force to deal with an uprising

Answer 42

Newport Uprisings

Question 43

What did gov do after the 1848 petition?

Answer 43

Drafted 8000 soldiers and 150,000 special constables