1. The Living World Flashcards
1
Q
________ is called the Darwin of 20th century (NEET)
A
Ernst Mayr
2
Q
Ernst Mayr was born at _________ in Germany/England
A
Kempten, Germany
3
Q
Ernst Mayr is known for - (NEET)
A
Gave the definition of biological species
4
Q
Mayr was awarded three prizes widely regarded as ________ of biology.
A
triple crown
5
Q
The 3 prizes that the Mayr was awarded were -
A
Balzan Prize, International Prize for Biology.
Crafoord Prize
6
Q
All living organisms grow. T/F
A
T
7
Q
All living organisms grow all life. T/F
A
F (plant grow all life, but animals grow only to a certain age
8
Q
Increase in _______ and _______ are twin characteristics of growth.
A
Mass and number
9
Q
Unicellular organisms grow by cell division. T/F
A
T
10
Q
In majority of higher animals & plants, growth and reproduction are mutually inclusive/exclusive.
A
exclusive
11
Q
Increase in body mass is considered as growth. T/F
A
T
12
Q
Living organisms grow intrinsically/extrinsically.
A
Intrinsically
13
Q
Growth is a defining property of a living organism. T/F
A
F (growth is the seen in non-living things like mountains, boulders and sand-mounds)
14
Q
Dead organism doesn’t grow. T/F
A
T
15
Q
Reproduction is a defining property of living organism. T/F
A
F (as mules, sterile worker bees etc can’t reproduce)
16
Q
Fungi multiply and spread due to -
A
asexual spore
17
Q
Budding happens in - (2)
A
yeast and hydra
18
Q
In ______ true regeneration is seen. (NEET)
A
Planaria
19
Q
Fragmentation is seen in - (3) (NEET)
A
Fungi, filamentous algae, protonema of mosses
20
Q
Reproduction is synonymous with growth in - (3) (NEET
A
bacteria, unicellular algae, amoeba
21
Q
Ex. of organisms which don’t reproduce - (3)
A
Mules and sterile workers bees, infertile human
couples
22
Q
Some non-living objects are capable of replicating themselves, hence reproduction is not a defining characteristic of living organisms. T/F
A
F. no non-living object can replicate itself
23
Q
Define Metabolism.
A
Sum total of all chemical reactions occurring in our body
24
Q
Some non-living object exhibits metabolism. T/F
A
F. NCERT line pg no.5
25
Metabolic reactions can be demonstrated outside the body in cell-free systems. T/F
T
26
An isolated metabolic reaction outside the body, performed in a test tube is neither living nor non-living.
T/F
T
27
Metabolism is a defining feature of living organisms. T/F
T
28
Isolated metabolic reactions are non-living reactions. T/F
F (they are living reactions)
29
Isolated metabolic reactions are living things. T/F
F (they are non-living things)
30
Cellular organization is a defining feature. T/F
T
31
Tell all the defining features of living organisms. (3)
Metabolism, consciousness, cellular organization
32
Most obvious and technically complicated feature on living organism is_______ . (NEET)
Consciousness
33
All organisms from prokaryotes to eukaryotes can sense the environment. T/F
T
34
Photoperiod affects reproduction in animals. T/F (NEET)
T (NCERT line pg no. 5)
35
Only organism which is aware of himself is _______ because it have _______
Human, self-consciousness
36
Properties of tissues are present in the constituent cells. T/F
False
37
Properties of cellular organelle arise due to interaction among -
molecular components comprising the organelle
38
Living organisms are self-replicating, evolving and self-regulating interactive systems. T/F
T
39
Number of species known and described range between ________ & ______ million/billion (NEET)
1.7-1.8 million
40
The process of standardizing the naming of living organisms such that the particular organism by the same name all over the world is called -
nomenclature
41
Agreed principles and criteria for plants are provided by ______
ICBN
42
ICBN full form - (NEET)
International code for botanical nomenclature
43
Animals are named by _______
ICZN
44
The process of knowing to what organism the name is attached is called -
identification
45
Carolus Linnaeus gave _______ he is
called __________ of taxonomy. (NEET)
Binomial Nomenclature, father
46
Biological names are generally ______ and written in ______ (NEET)
Latin, italics
47
Why Latin was chosen for biological naming?
Because Latin is a dead language and will not change with time
48
First word in biological name represent ______ and second word represent (NEET)
genus, specific epithet
49
Why are biological names printed in italics? (NEET 2016, 2019)
to indicate their Latin origin
50
To indicate Latin origin of biological names, what do we do while writing them?
underlining
51
When biological names are handwritten, they are underlined together. T/F (NEET 2016, 2019)
F (they are underlined seperately)
52
Specific epithet starts with a small letter. T/F (NEET 2019)
T
53
First word start with a capital letter. T/F (NEET 2019)
T
54
Name of author appears before/after specific epithet
after
55
Classification is based on some easily observable characters. T/F
True (NCERT line P.g. No - 7)
56
What is a taxa?
Convenient categories used to study organisms
57
"Wheat", "Human", "animal", they all are taxa. T/F
T
58
Basis of modern taxonomic studies are (5) -
External structure, internal structure, cell structure, developmental process and ecological information of organism
59
The process of classification is called _______
taxonomy
60
4 processes which are basic to taxonomy in order in which they are done -
(1) Characterisation, (2) Identification, (3) Nomenclature and (4) Classification (CINC)
61
Earlier classifications were on the basis of _______
Uses of organism
62
What is systematics?
study of various life forms, in reference of understanding the relationships among them
63
Taxonomy + ________ = Systematics
Phylogeny
64
'systema' means systematic arrangement of organism. T/F
T
65
Books written by Linnaeus are (2) - (NEET)
Systema Naturae, Species Plantarum
66
Systematics take into account _______ relationships between the organisms.
Evolutionary
67
Classification is a single-step process. T/F
F
68
The taxonomic groups are distinct biological entities and not merely morphological aggregates. T/F
T
69
Name the taxonomic categories from highest to lowest. (NEET 2022)
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species (Mnemonic - Kind People Can Often Find - Great Sex)
70
Solanum genus includes which three species?
Nigrum, melongena, tuberosum
71
Panthera include which 3 species?
Leo, tigris, pardus
72
Potato scientific name -
Solanum tuberosum
73
Brinjal scientific name -
Solanum melongena
74
Makoi scientific name -
Solanum nigrum
75
Magnifera is a genus/species
genus
76
Felis genus includes cats/dogs.
Cats
77
Families are characterized on the basis of _______ and _________ features of plant species.
Vegetative and reproductive
78
Family Solanaceae contains genera - (3)
Solanum, Petunia, Datura (DPS)
79
Family of leopards is -
Felidae
80
Felidae contains genus ________ and _______.
Panthera and Felis
81
Suffix of family is _______ in plants and ______ in animals.
-aceae, -dae
82
Suffix of order is _______ in plants.
-ales
83
Order polymoniales contains family ______ and ______ based on _______ characters.
Convolvulaceae, Solanaceae, floral (SC)
84
Carnivora is an order. T/F
T
85
It include family _____ and _____
Felidae and Canidae
86
Mammalia contains order _____ and ______
Primata and Carnivora
87
Order Primata include which animals - (3)
monkey, gorilla, gibbon
88
Order Carnovra include which animals - (3)
tiger, cat, dog
89
Organisms which have notochord and dorsal hollow nerve cord are included in phylum-
Chordata
90
As we go lower in taxa, number of common characteristics increase. T/F
T
91
Family and order of housefly? (NEET 2016, 2021)
Muscidae, Diptera
92
Genus and family of wheat?
Triticum, Poaceae
93
Family and order of humans? (NEET)
Hominidae, Primata
94
Family and order of mango? (NEET 2019)
Anacardiaceae, Sapindales
95
Class and genus of housefly? (NEET 2016)
Insecta, Musca
96
Genus & class of mango?
Magnifera, Dicotyledonae
97
Family & order of man?
Hominidae, Primata
98
Class and order of Wheat?
Monocotyledonae, Poales
99
What is the prime source of taxonomic studies?
collection of actual specimens of plants & animals
100
Collection of actual specimens of plants and animals is not essential for training in systematics.
F, it is essential
101
Definition of Herbarium? (NEET 2018)
Herbarium is a store house of collected plant specimens that are dried, pressed & preserved on sheets.
102
_______ is serve as a quick referral system in taxonomic studies.
Herbarium
103
Herbarium sheet carry label providing info about 7 things. Name them. (NEET-II 2016)
date and place of collection, English, local and botanical names, family, collector's name
104
What are botanical gardens? (NEET 2013)
They have collection of living plants for
reference
105
Each plant label indicate its _____ name and ______
Scientific, family
106
Kew is located in _______
England
107
Name 3 famous botanical garden and where they are situated.
Kew (England), Indian Botanical Garden, Howrah (India) National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow
108
Museums are set up in educational institutes such as ______ and _____
schools and college
109
Museums have collections of preserved plants and animals. T/F (NEET 2018)
T
110
Specimens are always preserved in a preservative solution. T/F
F (they can be dry preserved also)
111
In museum, insects are preserved after _______ , _______ and ______.
Collecting, killing and pinning
112
How are larger animals preserved ?
Stuffing
113
Museums have collection of skeleton of animals too. T/F (NEET)
T
114
Zoological parks help us to learn about animal's ______ and ______
Food habitats and behaviour
115
Key is used to identify plant only. T/F (NEET 2018)
F (both plants and animals)
116
Keys are based on ______ generally in a pair called _______
Contrasting characters, couplet
117
Each statement in the key is called a _____
Lead
118
Separate taxonomic keys are not required for each taxonomic category. T/F
F (separate taxonomic keys are required for each taxonomic category)
119
Keys are ______ in nature.
Analytical
120
_________ contains the actual account of habitat and distribution of plants of a given area.
Flora
121
Manuals are useful for -
Providing information for identification of names
of species found in an area
122
Monographs contain
Info about any one taxon
123
What is catalogue? (NEET 2018)
Alphabetical arrangement of species
124
"systema" is a Latin/Greek word.
Latin
125
Lower the category, greater the difficulty of determining relationship between them. T/F
F, higher the category.
