1 - The Evolution of Psychology Flashcards
who opened the first psychology laboratory in Germany?
Wilhelm Wundt
Wilhelm Wundt’s student, _______, founded the American Psychological Association
G. Stanley Hall
what are the two early schools of thought and who came up with them?
- Structuralism –> Edward Titchener
2. Functionalism –> William James
def: school of thought that emphasized the structure of experience and what is going on. Analysis of the immediate, internal experience into basic elements
structuralism
which school of thought relied on introspection?
structuralism
def: school of thought that emphasized the function or purpose of behavior and consciousness. Investigate underlying causes and consequences of observed behaviors
functionalism
which school of thought uses “stream of consciousness” exercises?
functionalism
who studied behavioursm?
John B. Watson
who studied psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
who studied humanism?
Carl Rogers
who studied cognitive psychology?
Jean Piaget
who studied behavioral neuroscience?
Donald Hebb
who studied evolutionary pyschology?
Margo Wilson
which perspective: psychology should only study observable measurable behaviour, we are products of our environment
behaviourism
which perspective: emphasizes unconscious motives and conflicts, things we aren’t aware of but affect our behaviour
psychoanalysis
what does 1950s behaviourism by BF Skinner empasize?
- overt behaviour
- all organisms tend to repeat responses that lead to positive outcomes, and vice versa
- behaviour is moldable = determinism
what does 1950s humanism by carl rogers emphasize?
- unique qualities of humans, especially their potential for personal growth
which perspective: emphasizes cognitive development, problem-solving, mental processes
cognitive psychology
which perspective: emphasizes the brain, genetics and/or other physiological mechanisms in describing behaviour
behavioural neuroscience
which perspective: emphasizes behaviour patterns, considers the evolutionary bases of behaviour in humans and animals, has a larger timeframe
evolutionary psychology
