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Pharm U5 > 1) Steroids U5 > Flashcards

1) Steroids U5 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the class for Cortisol

A

Glucocorticoid

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2
Q

What is the mechanism for Cortisol

A

Binds GR, which regulates expression of genes with many effects on carbohydrate metabolism and immune function

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3
Q

What are the important side effects for Cortisol

A

Cushing’s; glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis; iatrogenic adrenal insufficiency

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4
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Cortisol

A

RelAnti-Inflam: 1; RelMin: 1; DoA: 8-12 hours

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5
Q

What is the class for Cortisone acetate (Cortone)

A

Glucocorticoid

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6
Q

What is the mechanism for Cortisone acetate (Cortone)

A

Binds GR, which regulates expression of genes with many effects on carbohydrate metabolism and immune function

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7
Q

What are the important side effects for Cortisone acetate (Cortone)

A

Cushing’s; glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis; iatrogenic adrenal insufficiency

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8
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Cortisone acetate (Cortone)

A

RelAnti-Inflam: 0.8; RelMin: 0.8; DoA: 8-12 hours

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9
Q

What is the class for Hydrocortisone

A

Glucocorticoid

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10
Q

What is the mechanism for Hydrocortisone

A

Binds GR, which regulates expression of genes with many effects on carbohydrate metabolism and immune function

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11
Q

What are the therapeutics for Hydrocortisone

A

Chronic primary adrenal insufficiency (maintenance); CAH

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12
Q

What are the important side effects for Hydrocortisone

A

Cushing’s; glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis; iatrogenic adrenal insufficiency

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13
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Hydrocortisone

A

RelAnti-Inflam: 1; RelMin: 1; DoA: 8-12 hours

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14
Q

What is the class for Prednisone (Deltasone)

A

Glucocorticoid

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15
Q

What is the mechanism for Prednisone (Deltasone)

A

Binds GR, which regulates expression of genes with many effects on carbohydrate metabolism and immune function

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16
Q

What are the therapeutics for Prednisone (Deltasone)

A

CAH

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17
Q

What are the important side effects for Prednisone (Deltasone)

A

Cushing’s; glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis; iatrogenic adrenal insufficiency

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18
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Prednisone (Deltasone)

A

RelAnti-Inflam: 4; RelMin: 0.8; DoA: 12-36 hours; 1/4 dose of cortisol

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19
Q

What is the class for Prednisolone (Orapred)

A

Glucocorticoid

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20
Q

What is the mechanism for Prednisolone (Orapred)

A

Binds GR, which regulates expression of genes with many effects on carbohydrate metabolism and immune function

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21
Q

What are the important side effects for Prednisolone (Orapred)

A

Cushing’s; glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis; iatrogenic adrenal insufficiency

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22
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Prednisolone (Orapred)

A

RelAnti-Inflam: 4; RelMin: 0.8; DoA: 12-36 hours; 1/4 dose of cortisol

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23
Q

What is the class for Methylprednisolone (Medrol)

A

Glucocorticoid

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24
Q

What is the mechanism for Methylprednisolone (Medrol)

A

Binds GR, which regulates expression of genes with many effects on carbohydrate metabolism and immune function

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25
Q

What are the important side effects for Methylprednisolone (Medrol)

A

Cushing’s; glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis; iatrogenic adrenal insufficiency

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26
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Methylprednisolone (Medrol)

A

RelAnti-Inflam: 5; RelMin: 0.5; DoA: 12-36 hours; 1/5 dose of cortisol

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27
Q

What is the class for Triamcinolone

A

Glucocorticoid

28
Q

What is the mechanism for Triamcinolone

A

Binds GR, which regulates expression of genes with many effects on carbohydrate metabolism and immune function

29
Q

What are the important side effects for Triamcinolone

A

Cushing’s; glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis; iatrogenic adrenal insufficiency

30
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Triamcinolone

A

RelAnti-Inflam: 5; RelMin: 0; DoA: 12-36 hours; 1/5 dose of cortisol

31
Q

What is the class for Dexamethasone (Decadron)

A

Glucocorticoid

32
Q

What is the mechanism for Dexamethasone (Decadron)

A

Binds GR, which regulates expression of genes with many effects on carbohydrate metabolism and immune function

33
Q

What are the therapeutics for Dexamethasone (Decadron)

A

Emergency treatment (severe adrenal crisis, PAI); suppression test (Cushing’s); CAH

34
Q

What are the important side effects for Dexamethasone (Decadron)

A

Cushing’s; glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis; iatrogenic adrenal insufficiency

35
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Dexamethasone (Decadron)

A

RelAnti-Inflam: 30; RelMin: 0; DoA: 8-12 hours; <1/20 dose of cortisol

36
Q

What is the class for Fludrocortisone

A

Mineralocorticoid

37
Q

What is the mechanism for Fludrocortisone

A

Binds aldosterone receptor (AR) which increases Na+K+ATPase expression and increase epithelial sodium channel experession

38
Q

What are the therapeutics for Fludrocortisone

A

Chronic primary adrenal insufficiency (maintenance); CAH

39
Q

What are the important side effects for Fludrocortisone

A

Primary aldosteronism

40
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Fludrocortisone

A

RelAnti-Inflam: 10; RelMin: 125; DoA: 12-36 hours; very small dose

41
Q

What is the mechanism for Aminoglutethide (Cytadren)

A

Blocks conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone

42
Q

What are the therapeutics for Aminoglutethide (Cytadren)

A

Cushing’s

43
Q

What is the class for Ketoconazole (Nizoral)

A

Anti-fungal imidazole derivitive

44
Q

What is the mechanism for Ketoconazole (Nizoral)

A

Potent, nonselective inhibitor of adrenal and gonadal steroid synthesis

45
Q

What are the therapeutics for Ketoconazole (Nizoral)

A

Cushing’s

46
Q

What is the class for Mitotane (Lysodren)

A

DDT insecticide relative

47
Q

What is the mechanism for Mitotane (Lysodren)

A

Nonselective cytotoxic action on adrenal cortex

48
Q

What are the therapeutics for Mitotane (Lysodren)

A

Cushing’s

49
Q

What are the important side effects for Mitotane (Lysodren)

A

Bad side effect profile

50
Q

What is the mechanism for Metyrapone (Metopirone)

A

Relatively selective inhibitor of 11-hydroxylation (interferes with cortisol and corticosterone synthesis)

51
Q

What are the therapeutics for Metyrapone (Metopirone)

A

Cushing’s

52
Q

What is the mechanism for Mifepristone (RU-486)

A

Progesterone receptor antagonist; GR antagonist at high concentrations

53
Q

What are the therapeutics for Mifepristone (RU-486)

A

Cushing’s (controls hyperglycemia secondary to hypercortisolism)

54
Q

What are the important side effects for Mifepristone (RU-486)

A

Fatigue, nausea, headache, hypokalemia, arthralgias

55
Q

What are the other side effects for Mifepristone (RU-486)

A

edema and endometrial thickening in women

56
Q

What is the class for Pasireotide

A

somatostatin analog

57
Q

What is the mechanism for Pasireotide

A

Binds to somatostatin receptorand blocks release of ACTH from corticotropes

58
Q

What are the therapeutics for Pasireotide

A

Cushing’s

59
Q

What are the important side effects for Pasireotide

A

Hyperglycemia, GI problems

60
Q

What is the mechanism for Spironolactone (Aldactone)

A

Aldosterone receptor antagonist

61
Q

What are the therapeutics for Spironolactone (Aldactone)

A

Primary aldosteronism

62
Q

What are the important side effects for Spironolactone (Aldactone)

A

Anti-androgenic

63
Q

What is the mechanism for Eplerenone (Inspra)

A

Aldosterone receptor antagonist

64
Q

What are the therapeutics for Eplerenone (Inspra)

A

Primary aldosteronism

65
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Eplerenone (Inspra)

A

More specific; less anti-androgenic effect than spironolactone

Pharm U5 (5 decks)

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