1. River Regimes

Question 1

River regime

Answer 1

The variability in its discharge throughout the course of the year in response to precipitation, temperature, evapotranspiration and drainage basin characteristics

Question 2

The river Nile

Answer 2

• Flows through 11 countries
• Has three tributaries - Blue Nile, White Nile and Atbara
• 6,800km long from its source to its mouth in Egypt
• Several large dams to regulate the flow of water downstream

Question 3

The grand Ethiopian renaissance dam

Answer 3

• $4 billion to build
• Benefit 120 million people
• Hydroelectric power station - 6.45 gigawatts
• Dam will double Ethiopia’s amount of energy - export power + boost economy
• Plant will decrease use of coal + wood = lowering carbon emissions and pollution
• 20,000 people displaced
• Doesn’t affect the Sudan as much, not reliant on the Nile - due to the white Nile flowing through sudan.

Question 4

Egypt

Answer 4

• 90% of egypts freshwater comes from the Nile.
• 95% of its population lives along the Nile
• 4 hydro electric dams along the river = 10% of Egypt’s energy
• GERD - cause decreased flow in Egypt affecting agriculture and reduce the energy produced in hydro electric dams
• Egypt founded the 1929 agreement - between UK + Egypt

Question 5

Egypt

Answer 5

• White Nile 1959 agreement between sudan (18 billion cubic metres per year) + Egypt (53 billion cubic metres per year)
• June 3rd 2019 - Egypt threatened to use military action to brake the dam
• Egypt + Ethiopia never came to an agreements despite 6 attempts
• Sudan reported 90 million