1. Respiratory Drugs Flashcards
Route of drug administration (3)
Inhalation (topical - applying to lung tissue via air flow)
ORal
IV
Drugs used in ventilation (2)
Improve airway patency
Prevent mast cell degranulation
Drugs used to improve airway patency (2)
Bronchodilators (B2 agonists)
Anti-inflammatories (corticosteroids)
Drugs used to prevent mast cell degranulation (2)
Chromoglycate
Leukotriene receptor antagonists
Drugs that impair ventilation (2)
B-blockers Respiratory depressants (benzodiazepines, opioids)
Drugs used in gas exchange (2)
Respiratory stimulants - theophylline
Oxygen
Inhaled drug delivery methods (2)
MDI. - meter dose inhaler (puffer)
Breath activated device (spinhaler)
B-agonists can be (2)
Short acting
Long acting
Description of short-acting B-agonists (2)
Quick onset (2-3 mins), last 4-6hrs Oral, inhalation, IV
Use of short-acting B-agonists
To treat acute bronchial constriction (asthma)
Examples of short-acting B-agonists (2)
Salbutamol
Terbutaline
Description of long-acting B-agonists (2)
Slow onset (1-2hrs), last 12-15hrs Inhalation only
Use of long-acting B-agonists
To treat acute bronchial constriction
Always with inhaled steroid
Examples of long-acting B-agonists
Salmeterol
Action of anticholinergics (3)
Inhibit muscarinic nerve transmission in autonomic nerves
Bronchial dilation
Reduce mucus secretion
Example of anticholinergic
Ipratropium
Action of corticosteroids
Reduce inflammation in bronchial walls
Examples of corticosteroids (4)
Beclomethasone
Budesonide
Fluticasone
Mometasone
Compound preparations involve (2) and example
Inhaled steroid
Long-acting b-agonist
Seretide - fluticasone/salmeterol
Use of theophylline
Treat asthma and COPD
Actions of theophylline (4)
Relax bronchial smooth muscle
Increase heart muscle contractility and efficiency
Increase HR
Increase BP, renal blood flow and anti-inflammatory effects
