1. Principles Of Cheimistry Pt.1 Flashcards
What are the three states of matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Where does a change of state occur at?
Melting Point
Boiling Point
Summarize the properties of the three states of matter. CAM
Solid Liquid. Gas
Arrangement Regular. Random. Ran.
Movement Vibrate in Move around. Quick
Fixed position. Each other. In All
Directions
Closeness. Very close. Close. Far Apart
What determines change of states.
The amount of energy required to overcome the forces between particles
Describe all the changes of states and their direction? E.g. melting
See in Chem files for answer
Define Diffusion.
Diffusion is the movement of particles for a high concentrated area to a low concentration
Define a solvent.
The liquid in which a solution dissolves.
E.g water
Define a Solute
The substance which dissolves in a liquid to form a solution
Define a solution.
A mixture formed when a solute is dissolved in a solvent
Define a saturated solution.
A solution with the maximum concentration of solute dissolved in the solvent
Define the term soluble.
Describes a substance that will dissolve.
Define the term soluble.
Describes a substance that will dissolve.
Define the term insoluble.
Describes a substance that will not dissolve.
Define solubility.
Solubility is a measurement of how much of a substance will dissolve in a given volume.
Define solubility.
Solubility is a measurement of how much of a substance will dissolve in a given volume.
What effects solubility of solids?
Temperature:
As temperature increases, solid usually become more soluble.
What effects solubility of solids?
Temperature:
As temperature increases, solid usually become more soluble.
What effects the solubility of gases?
Pressure and Temperature:
As pressure increase, gases become more soluble.
As temperature increases, gases become less soluble
What is solubility expressed in?
Expressed in g/100g of solvent
Describe the method in which you would investigate the solubility of a solid in water?
- Prepare two beakers, one as a hot water bath and one as an ice bath
- Using a small measuring cylinder, measure out 4 cm3 of distilled water into a boiling tube.
- On a balance weigh out 2.6 g of ammonium chloride and add it to the boiling tube
- Place the boiling tube into the hot water bath and stir until the solid dissolves
- Transfer the boiling tube to the ice bath and allow it to cool while stirring
- Note the temperature at which crystals first appear and record it in a table of results
- Add 1 cm3 of distilled water then warm the solution again to dissolve the crystals
- Repeat the cooling process again noting the temperature at which crystals first appear
- Continue the steps until a total of 10 cm3 of water has been added
How do you calculate solubility in g/100g?
Mass of solute divided by the volume and multiplied by 100.
