1. Population Case Study Flashcards
What is the case study
China One Child Policy
What was the beginning of the One child policy?
From 1949 to 1976 the PRC promoted the use of birth control and family, however this was sporadic and voluntary
Who began applying the policy?
Dengxiaoping in the late 1970’s
What were the early policies?
A voluntary program that was announced in late 1978 that encouraged families to have no more 2 children
When was the policy officially established?
September 25 1980, prior to that the policy was already implemented, although unevenly among the provinces
What exceptions were there in regards to adherence to the policy
Ethnic minority groups would not be affected
If the firstborn was handicapped then the parents could have a second
Did rural societies comply?
It was hard for them as they had traditionally large extended families and lived an agrarian life.
How much of China’s population was agrarian in 1949?
80%
Where was china on the demographic transition curve prior to the policy?
Stage 2
How did the government enforce the policy
Make contraception widely available Financial incentives Preferential employment Imposing sanctions on those who did not comply Forced abortions and sterilsations
What was the result of the policy
Reduction in fertility and birth rtes after 1980
Fertility rate dropped to below 2 children per woman
Decline in natural increase due to the policy and the increase in life expectancy and decrease in death rate
Problems with the policy
Sex ratio skewed to males, 3-4% more males than females
Female abandonment
60 million single men
Large dependency ratio
Less people to support the massive proportion of elderly people
What was the loosening of the policy
Rural families allowed to have more children
Parents whose firstborn was a girl were allowed to have another child
When did the policy end?
2016
What was China’s population pyramid prior to the policy
Wide base, with the lowest bar being smaller than the next one above. pyramidal in shape.
