1: Personality and Individual Differences Flashcards
Individual Difference
The impact of personal characteristics on what people think, feel, and do
Competencies
Knowledge, skills, and abilities necessary for performing different jobs, functions, or tasks
12 competencies most sought by employers
- Critical thinking/problem solving
- Creativity/innovation
- Leadership
- Teamwork/collaboration
- Written communications
- Lifelong learning pursuit
- IT application
- Oral communication
- Ethics/social responsibility
- Diversity
- English language (spoken)
- Writing in English
Ways for employees to develop competencies:
- Following career development channels
- Taking course
- Participate in volunteer work
- Skills training programs
- Finding coaches or mentors
Ways for employers to develop competencies:
- On-job skills training
- Coaching or mentoring programs
- College courses
- Association memberships or access to learning sites
- Job rotation
- Shadow experiences
- Leadership development programs
Competency Model
A comprehensive way to identify the groups of competencies associated with organizational performance
Emotions
Strong feelings with a short duration
Emotional contagion
The capacity to spread emotions, mood, and affect
Mood
Feelings made up of multiple emotions without a clear onset
Displayed emotions, felt emotions
Emotions that are visible, emotions that an employee actually feels
Emotional labor
When there is a gap between what an employee feels and what is appropriate to display at work
Emotional intelligence/ EQ
The capacity to be aware of one’s own emotions and the emotions of others, manage emotions, and respond to emotions in an appropriate way
Personality
A set of individual characteristics that are consistent over time
Heredity perspective
States that people are born with a particular set of personality traits and preferences
Environment perspective
Supports the notion that personality develops over time and is heavily influenced by the environment
Big 5 personality types
- Extraversion
- Agreeableness
- Conscientiousness
- Emotional stability
- Openness to experience
- Extraversion
Outgoing, sociable, talkative, assertive, and active
- Agreeableness
Cooperative, good natured, tolerant, and trusting
- Conscientiousness
Responsible, dependable, achievement focused, and perseverance
- Emotional stability
Anxious, worried, depressed, insecure
- Openness to experience
Curious, flexible, original, and intelligent
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) dimensions:
- Introversion (I) - Extraversion (E)
- Sensing (S) - Intuiting (N)
- Thinking (T) - Feeling (F)
- Judging (J) - Perceiving (P)
- Introversion (I) - Extraversion (E)
Indicates to what extent someone is energized by the internal world or the external world
- Sensing (S) - Intuiting (I)
Explains how someone prefers to process information. Sensing prefer concrete details, Intuiting us ‘gut instinct’
