1. Nitrogen / ATP + cAMP

Question 1

Nitrogen

Answer 1

1s2 2s2 2p3
Oxidation nr. -3/-5 
Colorless gas 
No odour 
All organisms contain N in one form or another 
78% in atmosphere 
Principle Bioelement 
Many heterocyclic compounds --> Nucleic acids!

Question 2

Compounds of Nitrogen

Answer 2

Ammonia

• Colourless
• Sharp odour
• Polar
• H bonds dissolve in water
• Ammonium ion –> Toxic properties for animals
• can act as a weak base

Question 3

Oxides of Nitrogen

Answer 3

N2O

NO

NO2

N2O5

Question 4

Functions of NO

Answer 4

• Vasodilation
• Neurotransmitter
• Penile erection
• Toxic in bacteria

Question 5

N2O

Answer 5

Laughing gas / Anesthetic

Question 6

NO

Answer 6

Colourless, Signaling molecule, Endothelium derived relaxing factor (Smooth muscle relaxation)

Question 7

NO2

Answer 7

Redish brown gas, Toxic in Environment

Question 8

N2O5

Answer 8

strongly oxidizing, white chrystalline

Question 9

Oxiacids of nitrogen

Answer 9

HNO2

HNO3

Question 10

HNO2

Answer 10

Weak not stable acid
Organic Nitrites –> Esters of nitrous acid
Salt: NaNo2 –> Toxic : Food additive alters colour of preserved meat

Question 11

HNO3

Answer 11

Strong acid, instable
oxidizing agent
Phosphor and Sulphur boiled in HNO3 –> Acids
Acts on all metals –> Nitrates & Oxides

Question 12

NO2-

Answer 12

Toxic
Blue baby syndrome (Treatment of methylene blue )
Methemoglobinemia

Question 13

Nitrites with secondary amines ?

Answer 13

Nitrosamines –> Carcinogens

Question 14

ATP

Answer 14

most abundant free nucleotide in mammal cells
Intracellular concentration: 1mmol
Drives many Energy consuming reaction for ACTIVE transport
Metabolite

Highest ATP production in Mitochondria

Question 15

Formation of ATP

Answer 15

Formed from ADP when full molecules are oxidized

Question 16

Functions of ATP (3)

Answer 16

Drives many biochemical processes
Creation of concentration gradients on membrane
Muscle contraction