1. Motion, Forces and Energy Flashcards
1.1 Physical quantities and measurement techniques 1.2 Motion 1.3 Mass and weight 1.4 Density 1.5 Forces 1.6 Momentum 1.7 Energy, work and power 1.8 Pressure
Average speed (m/s)
Total distance travelled (m) / Total time taken (s)
Speed (symbols)
v = s/t
Acceleration (m/s²)
Change in velocity (m/s) / time taken (s)
Acceleration (symbols)
a = Δv/Δt
Change in Velocity
Final velocity - initial velocity
Gradient
Increase in y-axis / Increase in x-axis
Gradient (rule)
Rise/run
Gradient of a distance-time graph
speed
Gradient of a speed-time graph
acceleration
Area under a speed time graph
Distance
Acceleration of free fall (g)
The acceleration of a body falling under gravity. 9.8 m/s²
Terminal velocity
The top speed reached by any object experiencing air resistance or a similar resistance force.
Velocity (m/s)
displacement (m) / time (s)
Velocity (symbols)
V = Δx/Δt
Mass
A measure of the amount of matter in an object
Weight (unit)
A measure of the force of gravity on an object (Newtons)
Gravitational field strength
Gravitational field strength N/kg = weight (N) / mass (kg)
Gravitational field strenth (symbols)
g = W/m
Density (f)
mass/volume
Density
The mass of an object per unit volume
Density of water
1 g/cm3
Force
A push or pull exerted on an object
Force (N)
mass (kg) * acceleration (m/s²)
Spring constant
A measure of a spring’s resistance to being compressed or stretched
Spring constant
Spring constant (N/m) = Force (N)/Extension (m)
Limit of proportionality
The limit for Hooke’s law applied to the extension of a stretched spring
Moment (Nm)
Force (N) * Perpendicular distance to pivot (m)
Equilibrium
A body is in equilibrium if there are no net forces and no net moments. (balanced)
Centre of Gravity
The imaginery point within an object that the mass and weight of the object is evenly dispersed around (also known as the centre of mass).
Line of symmetry
If a shape can be reflected about any line without changing the shape, the object has ‘line symmetry’ and the line used is called the line of symmetry.
Momentum (def)
The product of the mass and velocity of an object. The units are kg m/s.
(The oomph of an object)
Momentum (formula)
p = mv
p - momentum (kgm/s)
m - mass (kg)
v - velocity (m/s)
Conservation of momentum
The natural law that the total momentum of a system of objects after a collision is the same as the total momentum before the collision, as long as there are no external forces acting on the system.
Elastic Collision
READ KOGNITY ELSA AND DONT BE LAZY
Inelastic Collision
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