Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Biochemistry > 1-Molecules of Life > Flashcards

1-Molecules of Life Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Bacteria consists 30% of chemicals and 70% of water, what do chemicals contain?

A 
Ions, small molecules
phospholipids
proteins
dna
rna
polysaccharides
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many different types of molecules may a cell contain

A

¬1000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

In how many classes can these types of molecules classified in?

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Fatty acids are the monomeric blocks for____

A

fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sugar and fatty acids are energy___

A

source

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Nucleotides are energy____

A

carrirers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the moonomers of carbohydrates?

A

Monosaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What kind of molecule is glucose?

A

Monosaccharide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Are carbohydrates water soluble or water insoluble

A

They are water soluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In how many classes can monosaccharides be divided and which ones?

A

In two….aldoses and ketoses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How complex carbohydrates are formed and what special is there

A

Glycosidic bonds, O2 acts as a bridge and A water molecule is been created

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How sucrose is formed?

A

glucose+ fructose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How lactose is formed?

A

glucose+ galactose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is starch and glycogen and which is their function?

A

They are polymers of glucose that act as energy stores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What Lipids are?

A

molecules that are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In which classes can lipids be divided?

A

Triacyglycerols, glycerophospholipids (and other membrane lipids) steroids and cholesterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What a fatty acid has (structure)

A

It has a hydrophilic carboxyl acid head and a hydrophobic carbon tail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What can the structural formula and the length of a fatty acid regulate?

A

Its physical properties (shape, melting point)

19
Q

What are the characteristics of a unsaturated fatty acid?

A

The double-bond (or triple) is rigid
It is liquid in room temperature
The rest of the chain is free to rotate

20
Q

What are the characteristics of a saturated fatty acid?

A

It is solid in room temperature

21
Q

Can an unsaturated fatty acid have more than one double bond?

A

Yes it can

22
Q

What do triacyglycerols (triacyglycerides) consist of, are they soluble or not?

A

They consist of 3 fatty acids and a glycerol molecule connected with an ester linkage. They are insoluble in water, so they are stored as fat droplets within the cells

23
Q

Why we need triglycerides in our body?

A

They are important energy storage molecules

24
Q

What glycerophospholipids consist of?

A

The are the same with triglycerides BUT the 3rd fatty acids is replaced by a phosphate group which is connected with a amino alcohol group

25
Q

Are glycerophospholipids soluble or insoluble?( what special)

A

They are AMPIPATHIC meaning that consist of a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail, that fact cause them aggregate in an aqueous environment

26
Q

What is the cell membrane consist of?

A

The phospholipid bilayer

27
Q

What is the steroid template made of?

A

It is made of fused ankyl rings

28
Q

What is testosterone and oaestrogen for males and females respectively?

A

They are the human’s steroid hormones.

29
Q

What is cholesterol and which is main function?

A

Cholesterol is a sterol lipid and is an important component for animal cells.

30
Q

What function has cholesterol within the cells?

A

It rigid and inserts between glycerophospholipids, modulates membrane fluidity

31
Q

What nucleotides consist of?

A

pentose sugar
nitrogenous base( adenine , cytosine , etc)
Phosphate group

32
Q

Which are the pyrimidines?

A

Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil

33
Q

Which are the purines?

A

Adenine, Guanine

34
Q

How can ATP be broken?

A

The ATP breaks down in ADP and one phosphate group

35
Q

Are amino acids soluble/insoluble in water?

A

They are water soluble and electrically charged at ph=7.4

36
Q

In what do amino acids differ to?

A

They differ to its properties of the side chain ( R group)

37
Q

How many are the essential and non-essential amino acids?

A

10 and 10

38
Q

How amino acids are connected together?

A

With polypeptide bonds

39
Q

Are R groups involved into peptide bonding?

A

No

40
Q

How can amino acids be grouped?

A

The can be grouped according to the characterstics of their side chains.

41
Q

In what categories can amino acids be classified?

A

positive, neative( charged R groups)
uncharged polar
non polar

42
Q

Polar amino acids are hydro_____

A

hydrophylic

43
Q

Non-polar amino acids are hydro____

A

Hydrophobic

44
Q

What determines the protein folding?

A

The interactions of R groups

Medical Biochemistry (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions