1. materials (woods) Flashcards
What are the three types of timbres?
- Hardwoods
- Softwoods
- Manufactured boards
What are the properties of hardwood trees?
- They come from deciduos trees, that shed their leaves every year
- Hardwood trees can take hundreds of years to grow fully
- they have thick trunks with branches at the top
- they tend to be denser, heavier and harder than softwoods
What are the properties of softwoods?
- They come from coniferous (evergreen) trees that have needles instead of leaves
- Softwood trees keep their needles all year round
- Softwood trees grow much faster than hardwood trees
- Softwood trees grow tall and straight
What can manufactured boards be made from?
Hardwood and softwood
What is timbre and where does it come from?
- the general name given to wooden planks and boards
- it comes from trees that are cut down into logs and then sawn into planks
How are manufacturing/engineered boards made?
- They are made by gluing and compressing wood fibres or layers together (man-made)
What are some examples of hardwoods?
- oak
- mahogany
- beech
- ash
What are some examples of softwoods?
- spruce
- pine
- cedar
- larch
What are some examples of manufactured/engineered boards?
- MDF
- plywood
- chipboard
- hardboard
Describe the properties of MDF?
- has a smooth, even surface
- easily machined and painted
- available in water and fire resistant form
- often veneered or painted to improve its appearance
What are the uses for MDF?
furniture and interior panelling
Describe the properties of chipboard?
- made of chips of wood glued together with urea formaldehyde (glue)
- usually veneered with an attractive hardwood or covered in plastic laminate
What are the uses for chipboard?
- kitchen and bedroom furniture
- shelving and general DIY work
Describe the properties of plywood?
- a very strong board, constructed of layers of veneer or piles, which are glued together with the grains at 90 degrees to each other
- interior and exterior grades available
What are the uses of plywood?
- furniture making
- boat building and exterior work
Describe the properties of hardboard?
- A very cheap particle board
- can have a laminated plastic surface
What are the uses of hardboard?
- kitchen unit and furniture back panels
What are the properties of oak?
- very strong, light-brown wood
- open grained
- very hard, but quite easy to work with
What are the properties of mahogany?
- reddish-brown in colour
- easy to work with
What are the uses of oak?
- high quality furniture
- beams used in buildings
- veneers
What are the uses of mahogany?
- indoor furniture
- shop fittings
- bars
- veneers
What are the properties of beech?
- a straight, grained hardwood with a fine texture
- light in colour
- very hard but easy to work with
- can be steam bent
What are the uses of beech?
- furniture
- toys
- tool handles
What are the properties of ash?
- open grained
- easy to work with
- pale cream colour, often stained black
- can be laminated
What are the uses of ash?
- tool handles
- sports equipment
- furniture
- ladders
- veneers
What are the properties of pine?
- pale-yellow coloured with dark lines and a fine, even texture
- medium in weight
- stiff and stable
- inexpensive
What are the uses for pine?
- readily available for DIY work
- mainly used for constructional work and simple joinery
- furniture
What are the types of manufacturing processes for woods?
- Planning - to make the wood smooth and even
- Sawing - cutting woods into various shapes and sizes
- Drilling - to make holes in the wood
- Shaping - forming the wood into a desired shape
- Sanding - removing material from the wood using abrasive materials
- Finishing - applying a protective coat or sealant
