1. Male Reproductive System Flashcards
What temperature are the testes kept at for spermatogenesis?
35 degrees celcius
In what part of the testes does spermatogenesis occur?
Seminiferous tubule
From what structure if the tunica vaginalis formed?
An outpouring of the peritoneal cavity.
Where do the sperm mature and learn how to swim?
Body of epididymis
What happens to the sperm in the rate testis in mediastinum testis and efferent ductules?
Sperm becomes concentrated
What is hydrocoele? How would you test for this?
Tunica vaginalis fills with fluid and becomes swollen.
Shine light behind the scrotum, if illuminates and isn’t red is hydrocoele.
In what type of cell are sperm formed?
Sertoli cells
Leydig cells are involved in the synthesis of what hormone?
Testosterone
Where does the right testicular vein drain into? Where does the left testicular vein drain into?
Right testicular vein - inferior vena cava.
Left testicular vein - left renal vein.
Where are the lymph nodes for the scrotum found? Where does lymph from the testes drain into?
Scrotum - inguinal region.
Testes - drains higher.
What deformity predisposes males to testicular torsion?
Bell-clapper deformity
What structure prevents the testes from swapping sides?
Septum of scrotum
What are the 3 fascia layers surrounding the spermatic cord?
External.
Cremasteric.
Internal.
In a male, does the ureter pass over or beneath the vas deferens?
Ureter passes beneath the vas deferens.
Where would you perform a vasectomy?
Within the scrotal tube.
What percentage of ejaculate does sperm, seminal vesicle fluid aspiration and prostate gland secretions make up?
Sperm = 10%.
Seminal vesicle = 65%.
Prostate gland = 25%.
What zone does benign prostate hypertrophy tend to affect?
Transitional zone
In which zone do prostate cancers tend to occur?
Peripheral zone
Where is the narrowest part of the urethra?
As you pass through the pelvic floor
What layer of the penis does the urethra pass through?
Corpus spongiosum
What structure in the penis contains the main erectile tissue?
Tunica albuginear
What results in an erection?
Vasodilation of penile arterioles initiated by parasympathetic stimulation and compression of veins.
How is an erection terminated?
Vasoconstriction caused by the sympathetic nervous system
What nervous system coordinates ejaculation?
Sympathetic
Where are the roots of the penis attached?
Urogenital triangle
In what direction are the collagen fibres in the tunica albuginea of the penis arranged?
At right angles to each other (one circumferential and one parallel).
Where does the blood supply to the penis originate?
From the internal iliac artery
Why can men with vascular disease become impotent?
Blood vessels to the penis become blocked
What is a fractured penis?
Ruptured tunica albuginea, causing a haematoma
