1. Italy before unification Flashcards
what state was Italy in in 1859?
italy does not exist it is known as the Cisilpine kingdoms
what movement was in place during 1859?
Risorgimento movement
what was the Risorgimento movement?
the movement of unifying the states together to form Italy
at this time, where do the Austrians have fortresses in?
in Lombardy
what states mainly made up the Cisalpine kingdoms?
the papal states
what are papal states?
states directly controlled by the papacy
who protects the papal states?
the french- emperor Napoleon
what annoyed Garibalidi?
that Piedmont gave Nice and Savoy to the French
what did Garibaldi do as a result of his annoyance?
- he met with Victor Emmanuel
- handed Emmanueal control of Southern Italy
was the meet up successful?
i think it was as it put multiple principalities under one rule, leading the Risorgimento movement
when did Garibaldi meet Emmanuel?
26th October 1860
what does their meet up result in?
-1861 Piedmont laws are enforced on Lombardy alongside their consitutions
how did Italy gain Venice?
-France won against Austria, Austria gave Venice to France as they did not want to acknowledge Italian authority
- France then gave it back to Italy
when did Italy gain Venice?
1866
how did Italy gain Rome?
- Italy claim Rome freely as France moves their troops to their border due to threat of Prussian invasion
- rome citizens were not happy
when did Italy claim Rome as their capital?
1870
how did Italy gain Rome?
- Italy claim Rome freely as France moves their troops to their border due to threat of Prussian invasion
- Rome citizens were not happy
what did Italy do that annoyed the Church?
- forced church to increase taxation payments
- suppressed Monastic orders
- 1866 law- religious orders to hand over property to the state
what did the rules Italy put in place against the Church show?
the declining temporal power of the Church
why did Garibaldi not approve of the new Italian states?
Emmanuel and Garibaldi fell out when Emmanuel refused to inspect garibaldis red shirts
what was the industry like before unification, throughout the states?
it was mainly agrarian alongside the economy
what do historians believe this agrarian industry made?
- they believe it made a ‘pre-industrial’ transformation in North, West Italy, starting from the 1820’s
what did the states economy and industry lack?
they lacked:
- large coal and iron deposits
- literate population
what currency was introduced which further crippled the South?
the lira
