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Clinical Problem Solving > 1 - Introduction + Chest Pain > Flashcards

1 - Introduction + Chest Pain Flashcards

1
Q

Define myocardial infarction.

A

When blood flow to the heart is abruptly cut off (usually by a thrombus or embolus), causing tissue damage

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2
Q

List 5 ways to immediately manage a myocardial infarction.

A
  1. Open the passageway (STENT)
  2. Dissolve current clots (STREPTOKINASE)
  3. Prevent more clots forming (ASPIRIN)
  4. Oxygen
  5. Pain relief
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3
Q

List a drug that prevents further blood clots.

A

Aspirin

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4
Q

The duodenum is the first and shortest segment of the ___ intestine.

A

Small

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5
Q

List the 8 steps to taking a history.

A
  1. Presenting complaint
  2. History of presenting complaint (SQITARS)
  3. ICE (ideas, concerns, expectations)
  4. PMH (past medical history)
  5. DH (drug history)
  6. FH (family history)
  7. SH (social history)
  8. Systems review
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6
Q

Compare a SYMPTOM to a SIGN.

A

Symptom: reported by patient
Sign: observed by you

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7
Q

What percentage of diagnoses are made on the basis of history?

A

80%

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8
Q

Which minimally invasive procedure removes the gallbladder?

A

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy

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9
Q

A blood clot blocks a coronary artery, damaging tissue supplied by that branch. What is the most likely complication?

A

Myocardial infarction

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10
Q

What is an investigation?

A

Using equipment to collect patient information

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11
Q

Accumulation of oxidised ___ triggers atherosclerosis.

A

LDL

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12
Q

List a drug that dissolves blood clots.

A

Streptokinase

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13
Q

What is the term for buildup of fatty

plaque inside arteries?

A

Atherosclerosis

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14
Q

What is angina?

A

Chest pain caused by restricted blood flow to the heart

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15
Q

List 2 components of gallstones.

A
  1. Cholesterol

2. Bilirubin

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16
Q

The gallbladder stores and concentrates ___.

A

Bile

17
Q

List 2 investigations for myocardial infarction.

A
  1. ECG

2. Blood test to check for TROPONIN

18
Q

The presence of which protein in the bloodstream is a biomarker for myocardial infarction?

A

Troponin

19
Q

A ___ is a tube that keeps a passageway open.

A

Stent

20
Q

List 2 tests that could detect gallstones.

A
  1. Ultrasound

2. CT scan

Clinical Problem Solving (10 decks)

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