1: Introduction Flashcards
What are the three types of lameness?
Supportive limb (when weight bearing), swinging leg (during limb movement), false lameness
How much lameness is in the forelimb?
Most
What % of lameness is in the carpus and below?
95%
What are the six types of conformation?
Limb/joint angle, foot-pastern axis, base-wide, base-narrow, angular deformity, rotational deformity
What two way can the foot-pastern axis be?
“Broken-forward” or “broken-back”
What must elicited pain be?
Reproducible
What happens if the hoof swells?
Can’t - so oedema extends proximally
What’s the problem with flexion tests?
Non-specific
WHat are the two types of nerve blocks?
Perineural or intrasynovial
What can you look for in synovial fluid?
WBC count, total protein, biochemistry
Why is immobiliation very dangerous?
Due to gut mobility and pneumonia
What can you use to treat acute inflammatory conditions?
Ice, or a cold hose
What is the cheapest drug for horses?
Bute
Which ways can you give bute?
IV or in food, never IM
WHat is the therapeutic index or bute like?
Low - affects kidney or colon
What do you need to do if giving a horse bute?
Declare it in passport
Which way can you give hyaluronan?
IV
What are the benefits of hyaluronan?
Weak antiinflammatory, but very little evidence
What is the evidence for oral chondroprotectives?
Little
Which drugs can you give intra-articular?
Corticosteroid, IRAP, PRP
What happens if you give PSGAGs intra-articular?
Can cause infection
WHat the problem with intra-articular hyaluronic acid?
Very expensive
What’s the problem with topical NSAIDs?
Poor absorption
What’s the problem with DMSO?
Good NSAID but get blistering and hair change
What is shockwave therapy for?
Osteogenic and analgesic
What conditions is shockwave therapy used for?
Chronic insertional tendinopathy/desmopathy, chronic suspensory ligamnt disease
