1. Introduction Flashcards
What is a Therapy-induced Cancer?
These are cancers caused by radio/chemo therapy for primary disease.
This is due to therapy causing mutations in healthy cells which leads to secondary cancer.
- ) Healthy cells
- ) Initiating mutations leading to genetic instability
- ) mutation accumulation
- ) Cancer
What is meant by cancer epigenetics?
It refers to proteins which regulate which genes are expressed when and where.
What is meant by the central Dogma of molecular Biology?
This describes the two-step process involving transcription and translation. The information in genes flows into proteins.
DNA -> RNA -> protein
What is transcription?
Transcription is the synthesis of an RNA of a segment of DNA. RNA is synthesized by the enzyme RNA polymerase.
What is epigenetics?
The environment we grow up in and the experiences influence how our genetic make-up is inherited.
What role does Biochemistry play in genetics?
Biochemical processes give rise to complexity of life but is programmed and controlled by genetics.
What is Biochemical genetics?
This is used to decipher the enzymes and processes involved in biochemical and metabolic pathways.
What genetic risk of complex diseases is there?
- > Diabetes
- > Cancer
- > Heart disease
What diseases do very small genetic variations cause?
- > Cystic fibrosis
- > Albinism
- > Achondroplasia
- > Sickle cell anaemia
