1 introduction

Question 1

what is the dilution paradigm?

Answer 1

Question 2

what are the early lessons learned in toxicology?

Answer 2

Question 3

what is modern toxicology?

Answer 3

-more rigorous testing of pharmaceuticals, pesticides and other industrial chemicals (1960s)
-technological advances in analytical chemistry (1980s)
-increasing importance of social sciences (1980s)
-legislation to clean up contaminated sites (1980s)
-technological advances in molecular biology (omics, 1990s)

Question 4

what is toxicokinetics?

Answer 4

what the body does to the xenobiotic
-the processes involved in toxicokinetics are absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of a xenobiotic
-toxicokinetics determines the delivery or dose of a xenobiotic at its site of action

Question 5

what is toxicodynamics?

Answer 5

what the xenobiotic does to the body
-toxicodynamics is the effects of the xenobiotic on cellular and physiological processes
-determines the response to the xenobiotic