1. Introduction

Question 1

In a Coral flowchart, a parallelogram represents either a(n) ____ or a(n) ____.

Answer 1

input statement, output statement

Question 2

A(n) ____ consists of text (characters) within double quotes.

Answer 2

string literal

Question 3

A(n) ____ includes any letter (a-z, A-Z), digit (0-9), or symbol (~, !, @, etc.).

Answer 3

character

Question 4

A(n) ____ character is a special two-character sequence (\n) whose appearance in an output string literal causes the cursor to move to the next output line. This character exists invisibly in the output.

Answer 4

newline

Question 5

____ refers to blank spaces (space and tab characters) between items within a statement, and to newlines.

Answer 5

Whitespace

Question 6

Engineers have reduced on/off switch sizes by half about every 2 years, a trend known as ____.

Answer 6

Moore’s Law

Question 7

A(n) ____ is a computer inside another electrical device, like inside a TV, car, printer, thermostat, satellite, etc.

Answer 7

embedded computer

Question 8

____ is a popular code for characters.

Answer 8

ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)

Question 9

ASCII uses ____ bits per code and has code for ____ characters.

Answer 9

7, 128

Question 10

____ is another character encoding standard (besides ASCII), published in 1991, whose codes can have more bits than ASCII and, thus, can represent over 100,000 items, such as symbols and non-English characters.

Answer 10

Unicode

Question 11

The value of each digit’s position within a number is known as its ____.

Answer 11

weight

Example: the right-most digit in a base-10 number has a weight of 10^0, or 1. The second-most digit to the right has a weight of 10^1, or 10.

Question 12

Characters and numbers are ____ and stored in the computer’s memory.

Answer 12

encoded

Question 13

The thought processes needed to build correct, precise, logical programs is sometimes called ____ thinking.

Answer 13

computational