1 Intro to Oral Path

Question 1

meaning of the word diagnosis in Greek

Answer 1

“dia” = through “gnoses” = knowledge

Question 2

definition of diagnosis

Answer 2

to know apart, to distinguish

Question 3

the process of determining the nature of an abnormality, or disease, that is producing signs or symptoms, or both

Answer 3

diagnosis

Question 4

importance of diagnosis

Answer 4

correct diagnosis = correct tx

Question 5

Diagnostic process:

Answer 5

1. ) Gather information- patient history, physical exam, lab studies
2. ) Analyze the information- interpret, evaluate
3. ) Establish a diagnosis- combine all of the data collected to determine your diagnosis

Question 6

What type of diagnosis is this? information gathered favors a certain diagnosis, more tests need to be done to confirm the diagnosis

Answer 6

working diagnosis

Question 7

What type of diagnosis is this? a diagnosis that can be made from clinical evaluation only

Answer 7

clinical diagnosis

Question 8

What type of diagnosis is this? a list of possible diseases that should be considered based on a patient’s clinical signs and symptoms (place in order of most likely first)

Answer 8

differential diagnosis

Question 9

What type of diagnosis is this? a definitive diagnosis that is made based on the summary of all information collected, may not be given until all lab tests are completed

Answer 9

final diagnosis

Question 10

Lesion description should include:

Answer 10

• location (be specific)
• size measurement (not just a word like small)
• color
• texture (soft, hard, firm, fluctuant, smooth, ulcerated, pedunculated, sessile, etc)
• asymptomatic or symptomatic (was it an incidental finding?)

Question 11

Radiographic lesion description should include:

Answer 11

• radiolucent/radioopaque/mixed
• size measurement
• compare to previous films if available
• evaluate the area clinically
• expansion of bone in the area?
• asymptomatic vs symptomatic

Question 12

Color = red? (erythematous)

Answer 12

accumulation of blood, inflammatory process, malignant change

Question 13

color = pink?

Answer 13

color of normal tissues

Question 14

Color = white?

Answer 14

excess keratin production by squamous epithelial cells that line the mouth, think of a callous

Question 15

Color = red and white

Answer 15

• inflammatory/reactive process (immune mediated diseases)
• precancerous changes = leukoplakia

Question 16

Color = blue foreign material (amalgam, graphite), pigment (melanin), accumulation of venous blood

Answer 16

blue

Question 17

Color = purple?

Answer 17

accumulation of blood

Question 18

Color? gray

Answer 18

foreign material

Question 19

Color = yellow?

Answer 19

fatty deposit, pus accumulation

Question 20

Color = black?

Answer 20

foreign material, melanin pigment, bacterial waste

Question 21

Color = brown?

Answer 21

melanin pigment, staining (nicotine)

Question 22

Why is it important to always measure lesion?

Answer 22

size changes, allows for re-evaluation at follow-up visits

Question 23

Measure the following:

Answer 23

• enlargement
• depression
• color changes
• ulcers
• surface changes
• anything abnormal

Question 24

multiple areas affected

Answer 24

diffuse involvement (describe areas affected and lesions accurately)

Question 25

things to note for changes in function

Answer 25

1. ) Altered sensation- pain, numbness
2. ) Loss of motor function- paralysis, decreased opening
3. ) Altered gland activity- dry mouth (xerostomia), change in quality or quantity of saliva

Question 26

changes in texture

Answer 26

rough, smooth, corrugated, shaggy, sloughing, velvet-like

Question 27

< 5mm

Answer 27

vesicle

Question 28

> 5mm

Answer 28

bulla

Question 29

Answer 29

pustule

Question 30

< 5mm

Answer 30

papule

Question 31

> 5mm

Answer 31

nodule

Question 32

Answer 32

plaque

Question 33

Answer 33

ulcer

Question 34

Answer 34

erosion

Question 35

Answer 35

fissure