1 INTRO TO MYCO Flashcards by Richelle Pagatpatan

Study of fungi, including their taxonomy, environmental impact,
and genetic and biochemical properties

MYCOLOGY

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Science devoted to the study of fungi and their relationship to
human disease

MEDICAL MYCOLOGY

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

MEDICAL MYCOLOGY is a scientific discipline encompasses single-celled ______ and ______ as agents of disease

yeasts ; filamentous moulds

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Fungal agents include:

TRUE PATHOGENS

2. OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGENS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

True pathogens and opportunistic pathogens are part of ____

Fungal agents

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Fungi whose cell wall contain MELANIN, which imparts brown

to black pigment

DEMATIACEOUS FUNGI

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

fungi that have two growth forms, such as mold and yeast

which develop under different growth conditions

DIMORPHIC FUNGI

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Dematiaceous Fungi contains _____ on its cell wall contain , which imparts _____ pigment

MELANIN ; brown to black

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Asexual stage in the life cycle of fungus

ANAMORPH

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Sexual stage of fungi

TELEOMORPH

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

unicellular, spherical to ellipsoid fungal cells; reproduce

by budding

YEAST

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the size of yeast cells?

3 - 5 um

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

fungi that lack sexual reproduction

IMPERFECT FUNGI

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

fungi that are capable of fungal reproduction

PERFECT FUNGI

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

hyphal or mycelial colony of growth

MOLD

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

have more than one independent form or spore stage in their

life cycle

POLYMORPHIC FUNGI

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

aka asexual spores

MITOSPORES

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Swollen, branching tips that resemble moose antlers,

with lateral and terminal branching

ANTLER HYPHAE

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

CONIDIA are produced either singly or multiply in long chains or clusters by specialized vegetative hyphae called _____

CONIDIOPHORES

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Epidermophytoc floccosum is an example of _____

RACQUET HYPHAE

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Trichophyton mentagrophytes is an example of _____

SPIRAL HYPHAE

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the 4 opportunistic mycoses?

ASPERGILLOSIS
CANDIDIASIS
CRYPTOCOCCOSIS
ZYGOMYCOSIS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

SYSTEMIC MYCOSES primarily involve the ____ and may disseminate and involve any organ system

LUNGS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

this is a type of conidia formation wherein a parent cell enlarges, a septum forms and the enlarge portion splits off to form a daughter cell

Blastic Conidiogenesis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Trichophyton shoenleinii is an example of _____

ANTLER HYPHAE

______ are flask-shaped secondary segments which produces the conidia = PHIALOCONIDIA

PHIALIDES

This include Glomeromycota and subphylum, Mucoromycotina, | and Entomophthoracortina and produces hyaline sparsely septate hyphae

ZYGOMYCOTA

Lichtheimia is formerlyknown as _____

Absidia

this is a tightly coiled showing corkscrew-like turns

SPIRAL HYPHAE

These are ringed structures that produce _____

ANNELLIDES ; ANNELLOCONIDIA

this is a type of conidia formation wherein a septum forms first and new growth beyond the septum becomes daughter cell

Thallic Conidiogenesis

contains enlarged, club-shaped areas resembling a tennis racquet

RACQUET HYPHAE

Systemic mycoses infections are caused by :

``` Blastomyces Coccidioides Histoplasma Paracoccidioides P. marneffei*** ```

In genus Zygomycota, 1. The asexual reproduction: SPORANGIOSPORES 2. Sexual reproduction: ZYGOSPORES a. both are true b. only statement 1 is true c. only statement 2 is true d. both are false

Humans are relatively resistant to infections caused by fungi except for _____

DIMORPHIC FUNGI

This is a type of sexual spore that contained in a club-shaped BASIDIUM

BASIDIOSPORES

Yeasts ideally grow in what range temperature?

35°C to 37°C

the appearance of MOLDS' colony

fluffy, cottony, woolly, or powdery

Molds grows at ______

Molds grows at 25°C

few yeasts cells divide by ____ but most reproduce asexually by ____

BINARY FISSION ; BUDDING

this is the phase in dimorphism in which organism grown at room temperature (22° to 25° C) in ambient air conditions

MOLD PHASE

the appearance of YEASTS' colony

moist, creamy, opaque or pasty (1-3 mm) | resembling bacterial colony without aerial hyphae

they produce fungal infections that involve the HAIR, SKIN, OR NAILS. They all infect keratinized tissues and have no direct invasion of the deeper tissue

SUPERFICIAL OR CUTANEOUS MYCOSES

Conidiophores form a _____ that terminates in secondary branches (______) and ______ , from which chains of conidia are borne

PENICILLUS : metulae and phialides

Humans acquire mycoses through:

- Inhalation of spores - Direct contact with spores - Inoculation by trauma into the skin

_____ have true nuclei and are heterotrophic members of the plant family

THALLOPHYTES

Eukaryotic fungi have _____ in the cell membrane. They are also _____ in nature which means that their nutrition are derived from organic materials

ERGOSTEROL ; SAPROPHYTIC

_______ are involve the deeper skin layers, including | muscle, connective tissue, and bone.

SUBCUTANEOUS MYCOSES

These are fungi that have different asexual forms of the same fungus. One example of this is Pseudallescheria boydii.

SYNANOMORPHS

this is the phase in dimorphism in which organism grown at 37° C with increased CO2

YEAST OR TISSUE STATE

DERMATOPHYTES, TINEA NIGRA, TINEA VERSICOLOR and PIEDRA are all examples of:

SUPERFICIAL OR CUTANEOUS MYCOSES

This is a type of sexual spore that contained in a saclike structure called ASCUS

ASCOSPORES

following meiosis, _ to _ meiospores form within an ascus

4 - 8

following meiosis, ___ meiospores usually form on the surface of a basidiumx

A conidia that is small, unicellular with a round, elliptical, or pyriform shape

MICROCONIDIA

MACROCONIDIA has a spiny (______) or smooth | surface

ECHINULATE

Ubiquitous in nature and produce true septate hyphae. They all exhibit a sexual form (teleomorph) but also exist in an asexual form (anamorph)

Ascomycota

TRUE OR FALSE Almost all molds are aerobic

TRUE

A conidia that is large, usually multiseptate, and club oval or spindle shaped

MACROCONIDIA

What is the Asexual and Sexual reproduction of Ascomycota?

Asexual reproduction: Conidia | Sexual reproduction: Ascospores

TRUE OR FALSE Most yeasts are strict aerobes

FALSE

_____ formed by heterogenous fertilization and are involve the fusion of cells from separate, nonidentical hyphae

OOSPORES

They are generally plant pathogens or environmental organisms that rarely cause disease in humans. They also reproduce sexually through the formation of BASIDIOSPORES

Basidiomycota

these are cross-walls that divide hyphae

SEPTA

This contains large, thick-walled, usually spherical conidia produced by “rounding-up” and enlargement of the terminal hyphal cells

CHLAMYDOCONIDIA

CHLAMYDOSPORES formed at the hyphal sides

SESSILE

TRUE OR FALSE Obligate aerobes are not capable of metabolizing Lignin

FALSE

this is used to determine hyphal pigmentation in tissue

Masson-Fontana Stain

These are rough-walled spores produced by the fusion of two identical cells arising from the same hypha

ZYGOSPORES

1. Septate Hyphae are microscopic units of fungi 2. Asseptate Hyphae or Sparsely Septate/Coenocytic are continuous without crosswalls a. both are true b. only statement 1 is true c. only statement 2 is true d. both are false

c. only statement 2 is true

CHLAMYDOSPORES formed at the hyphal tip

TERMINAL

A type of conidia that are produced by a "vaseshaped" conidiogenous cell = PHIALIDE

Phialoconidia

What type of asexual spores does ARTHROCONIDIA have?

ARTHROSPORES

_____ are empty spaces that appear between each arthrospores in alternate arrangement

Disjunctor cells

Candida is an example of what type of conidia?

BLASTOCONIDIA

CHLAMYDOSPORES formed within the hyphal strand

INTERCALARY

______ is a mass of intertwining structure composed of hyphae and accumulates during active growth

MYCELIUM

Deuteromycota is also known as ______

FUNGI IMPERFECTI

In Masson-Fontana Stain, 1. Phaeoid hyphae stains ______ 2. Hyaline hyphae stains ______

1. brown | 2. pink to red

_____ grows in or on a substrate and absorbs water and nutrients; anchor the colony

VEGETATIVE PORTION OR THALLUS

- contains fruiting bodies that produce the conidia and spores - extends above the agar surface

REPRODUCTIVE PORTION OR AERIAL

This is a type of conidia that has the simplest type of sporulation and appear as square, rectangular, barrel-shaped thick-walled cells when mature

ARTHROCONIDIA