1 - Information & Knowledge Management: Fundamentals Flashcards
1 Information & Knowledge Management: Fundamentals
- 1 Data
- 2 Information
- 3 Knowledge
- 5 “Classic” Factors of Production
- 6 Character-Data-Information Knowledge
- 7 Knowledge Management
- 8 Information (Resource) Management (IM)
- 9 7 Major IM Issues for the next 3 years
- 10Challenges for Information Management
- 11Evolution of Technology – Infrastructure vs. Propriety
- 12Evolution of Technology
- 14Different Stakeholders
- 15Successful Information Management
Data
- Data are raw facts and figures that on their own have no meaning - Directly observable or verifiable - These can be alphanumerical characters, i.e. text, numbers, symbols
1.2 Information
Information is data that are processed to be useful; provides answers to “who”, “what”, “where”, and “when” questions
- Data that has been processed within a context to give it meaning
- Data has been processed into a form that gives it meaning
- Content that represents analyzed data • Information = purpose-oriented knowledge
1.2.2 Different Views on Information
1.3 Knowledge
What is knowledge?
- Knowledge is application of data and information; answers “how” questions
Definition:
Knowledge if the understanding of rules needed to interpret information
1.3.1 Characteristics of knowledge:
o Using knowledge does not consume it
o Transferring knowledge does not result in losing it
o Knowledge is abundant (reichlich), but the ability to use it is scarce (knapp)
o Much of organization’s valuable knowledge walks out of the door at the end of the day
1.3.2 Explicit vs. Tacit knowledge
Explicit knowledge
o Objective, rational, technical
o Policies, goals, strategies, papers, reports o Codified
o Leaky knowledge
1.5 “Classic” Factors of Production
Land or natural resource – naturally-occurring goods (water, air, soil, etc.)
Labor (Arbeit) – human effort used in production
The capital stock – human-made goods which are used in the production of other goods (machinery, tools, buildings, etc.)
1.6 Character-Data-Information Knowledge
(Bild)
1.7 Knowledge Management
What is knowledge management?
- KM is the capability to create, enhance, and share intellectual capital across the organization (Lank, 1997)*
- KM is a collaborative and integrated approach to the creation, capture, organization, access, and use of an enterprise‘s intellectual assets (Brooking, 1999, 154) *
1.7.1 Definition of KM
- Pack rat (Messie) approach „save it, it may prove useful in the future“
- “KM is a collaborative and integrated approach to the creation, capture, organization, access, and use of an enterprise’s intellectual assets”
- “KM is the capability to create, enhance, and share intellectual capital across the organization”
1.8 Information (Resource) Management (IM)
How to manage this resource effectively and efficiently in order to achieve the business’ objectives
*“IM is part of business management. The function of IM is to ensure optimal use of the resource information with regard to business objectives.” *
1.9 7 Major IM Issues for the next 3 years
Information Technology / Operational Technology Alignment (Anpassung): Inadequate management of operational technology can result in major business failure
Business gets Social: Organizations will lack coherent (einheitlich) approach for dealting with information from the collective
Pattern-Based Strategy: Provides a framework to proactively seek, model and adapt to “weak” signals that form patterns in the marketplace (increased investment in pattern seeking technology)
Cloud Computing: By 2016, all Global 2000 companies will use public cloud services
Context-Aware (Konext bewusst) Computing: By 2016, one-third of worldwide mobile consumer marketing will be context-awareness-based (taking advantage of location and time in a new era of augmented reality)
Sustainability: By 2016, sustainability will be the fastest-growing enterprise compliance expense worldwide
1.10 Challenges for Information Management
- Changing business trends
- Rapid development in the information technology arena
- Measuring / justifying the business value of IT
- Aligning the business strategy with information systems strategy
- Different stakeholders – varied interests and objectives
1.11 Evolution of Technology – Infrastructure vs. Proprierty (Bild)
1.14 Different Stakeholders
What are the different stakeholders of IM?
