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Germany - 3. The Collapse of Democracy and the Rise of Nazism > 1. Impact of the Great Depression > Flashcards

1. Impact of the Great Depression Flashcards

1
Q

What was the Great Depression caused by?

A

The Wall Street Crash

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2
Q

When did the American economy collapse?

A

October 1925, following the Wall Street Crash

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3
Q

What did American immediately do with loans after the Wall Street Crash?

A

America immediacy stopped foreign lending, and recalled loans from abroad

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4
Q

Why was the German economy especially vulnerable following the Wall Street Crash?

A

Because it was reliant on foreign capital, mostly from American loans (Dawes and Young Plan) and very dependent on foreign trade

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5
Q

Consequence of Wall Street Crash on German businesses which had relied on bank loans

A

They didn’t have enough money to sustain their production and pay their workers

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6
Q

What increased as a result of the Wall Street Crash?

A

Unemployment

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7
Q

Why did unemployment in Germany rise after the Wall Street Crash?

A

Because German businesses had less money to pay workers and the demand for consumer products dropped

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8
Q

What happened to many suppliers and businesses following the Wall Street Crash?

A

They struggled to pay off their loans and went bankrupt

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9
Q

What payments could many Germans not meet following the Wall Street Crash?

A

Rent or mortgage payments

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10
Q

What happened to many German banks following the Wall Street Crash? Impact of this

A

Many collapsed so people lost most of their savings and money

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11
Q

What did the German economy spiral into following the Wall Street Crash?

A

Economic depression

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12
Q

What did the Government do in July 1931 for 2 days in response to the Wall Street Crash?

A

Government closed banks and the stock exchange to prevent a complete collapse

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13
Q

Negative impact of rising unemployment following the Wall Street Crash on the Welfare State

A

Rapidly rising unemployment put enormous pressure on welfare provision

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14
Q

What did the welfare state to in an attempt to manage increasing unemployment following the Wall Street Crash? Result of this

A

Took steps to reduce the unemployment benefit which put pressure on local authorities

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15
Q

Registered unemployment in 1929

A

1.5 million

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16
Q

Registered unemployment in 1933

A

6 million

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17
Q

Agriculture production by 1929 compared to pre-war

A

Less than 3/4 of pre-war levels

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18
Q

What percentage did export trade fall by from 1929-32?

A

61%

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19
Q

What percentage did industrial production fall by from 1929-32?

A

58%

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20
Q

What happened to companies following the Wall Street Crash?

A

They went bankrupt
Companies that survived cut wages, staff and working hours

21
Q

During the Great Depression, what did Brüning do? Why?

A

Cut government spending on welfare state to reduce inflation

22
Q

Result of Brüning cuffing government spending on welfare state?

A

Unemployed received less benefits from state

23
Q

What put a strain on the Grand Coalition’s finances following the Wall Street Crash?

A

Unemployment benefits, falling tax revenues and falling global trade

24
Q

How did the Grand Coalition split following the Wall Street Crash?

A

DVP wanted to reduce unemployment benefits but SPD warned to raise taxes

25
Q

Nazi Party’s authoritarian belief

A

No political parties other than Nazis could be tolerated

26
Q

Nazi Party’s totalitarian belief

A

Nazi believed it was the government’s duty to control everything in Germany (including press and education)

27
Q

Nazi Party’s nationalistic belief

A

Nazis only interested in Germany and not international relations

28
Q

Nazi Party’s militarism belief

A

Rearming and expanding Germany’s armed forces is essential

29
Q

Nazi Party’s racial belief

A

Races like Jews, Slave and Romany to be inferior men

30
Q

Nazi Party’s social Darwinist belief

A

If you can conquer others, you have right to do so

31
Q

Why did the Nazi Party receive support from the lower middle-class?

A

Because they lost lots of savings and had lots of unemployment

32
Q

Why did the Nazi Party receive support from the upper classes?

A

They believed they were better than others

33
Q

Why did the Nazi Party receive support from the young voters?

A

Young voters had only experienced the Weimar Republic so they would vote Nazi Party as it offered alternative to Republic

34
Q

Why did the Nazi Party receive support from the farmers?

A

Because they felt that they have been ignored under any president

35
Q

What did the Communist (KPD) Party want society to be?

A

Classless and moneyless

36
Q

What did the Communist (KPD) Party want to abolish?

A

Private property

37
Q

Who voted for the Communist (KPD) Party?

A

Working classes

38
Q

What towns were impacted the worst by the Great Depression?

A

Towns that depended on a single industry, as if that collapsed no one would have any income opportunity

39
Q

What began to appear during the Great Depression as unemployed tenants were unable to pay their rents?

A

Tent cities and shanty towns

40
Q

What percentage of men in 14-25 age group were unemployed in Hamburg in 1933?

A

39%

41
Q

What age group had a high rate of unemployment?

A

Young people

42
Q

Three consequences of youth unemployment

A

Juvenile crime
Political extremism
Schemes to help young people

43
Q

What increased among 14-25 year olds?

A

Accusations of crimes

44
Q

What age group’s involvement in extremist political organisations increased during the Great Depression?

A

Involvement of young men

45
Q

What did Hitler Youth offer unemployed men?

A

Food, uniforms, shelter and excitement of fighting in street battles where they could relieve stresses of unemployment

46
Q

What schemes were established to help young people?

A

Day centres
Emergency labour schemes

47
Q

How popular were schemes to help young people?

A

Very unpopular among the youth

48
Q

What proportion of workforce increased as a result of the Great Depression?

A

Female proportion

49
Q

All beliefs of the Nazi Party (5)

A

Authoritarian
Militarism
Nationalism
Racial beliefs
Social Darwinism

Germany - 3. The Collapse of Democracy and the Rise of Nazism (4 decks)

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