1 I States of Matter Flashcards
Particles in Solid
- attractive force?
- distance between particles?
- arrangement?
- movement?
- strong forces of attraction
- packed closely
- regular
- fixed in position
Particles in Liquid
- attractive force?
- distance between particles?
- arrangement?
- movement?
- less effective forces (moderate)
- mostly touching (close)
- irregular / randomly
- can move around each other / can slide over each other
Particles in Gas
- attractive force?
- distance between particles?
- arrangement?
- movement?
- no force
- further apart
- irregular / randomly
- move randomly at high speed in all direction
solid - liquid?
liquid - gas?
gas - liquid?
liquid - solid?
solid - gas?
gas - solid?
- melting
- boiling / evaporation
- condensation
- freezing
- sublimation
- deposition
Differences between
Boiling and Evaporation?
Boiling
- Attractive forces are broken throughout the liquid to produce bubbles of vapour
- Occurs rapidly at one temperature
Evaporation
- Some faster moving particles break away from the surface of the liquid
- Occurs slowly at any temperature
Below its melting point?
Between its melting point and its boiling point?
Above its boiling point?
- solid
- liquid
- gas
What is meant by diffusion?
Diffusion is the random movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
Diffusion rate
- Relative molecular mass?
- Temperature?
- Inversely
- Directly
What is meant by saturated solution?
A solution which contains as much dissolved solid as possible at a particular temperature
What is solubility?
The mass of solute which must dissolve in 100g of solvent at that temperature to form a saturated solution
Explain why heating a liquid causes it to evaporate more quickly? < 2 marks >
When heated, kinetic energy of particles increases. Therefore, more particles overcome the forces of attraction holding them together in the liquid
