1 - History of Indian Art History Flashcards

1
Q

supremacy of greek antiquity

A

seen as
- absolute model of perfection
- a biological vision of arts (beginning or archaic stage; classicism; decline)
- Giorgio Vasari (1511-1574)
- Johann Joachim Winckelmann (1717-1768)

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2
Q

“biological” model

A
  • an Archaism/Classicism/Decline (biological) model still prevalent in museums approaches
  • The idea of a glorious but lost past
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3
Q

Orientalism // Exotism

A
  • British colonisation of India:
    1757-1858: East India Company Raj 1858-1947: British Raj
  • Dutch colonisation of Indonesia:
    1800-1949 Dutch East Indies
  • 1784: foundation of the Asiatic Society, Kolkata (India) > The beginning of orientalist philology
  • 1861: foundation of the Archaeological Survey of India > Text-oriented archaeology, Cunningham founder
  • 1852: foundation of the Indian Museum (renamed Victoria&Albert Museum in 1879), London
    > Interest on Indian decorative arts
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4
Q

James Fergusson (1808-1886)

A
  • A pioneer to the study of Indian architecture
  • Focus on text and classic antiquity
  • desinterest in medieval period
  • Interest in Buddhism, quest to find original sources
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5
Q

Quest for Origins

A
  • the idea of an influence of Greek ‘genius’ on Indian early Buddhist art
  • Alfred Foucher (1865-1952) in Ajanta, India, 1920
  • still important works today, but with strong colonial bias (but every work is influenced by surroundings)
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6
Q

Indo- Greek Art

A
  • Early Buddhist Art; aniconism (« archaïc » period)
  • Greek influence on the shaping of the Buddha image
    in Gandhara (Pakistan)
    = accepted formal perfection vs chaotic Hindu etc
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7
Q

The « Indian-ness » of Indian Art

A
  • Ananda Coomaraswamy (1877-1947): seminal work, but outdated today
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8
Q

The Gupta period (4th-6th century) A « Classicism »

A
  • « Greater India » = Southeast Asia seen as part of the Indian world
  • focus on North India
  • formalistic and analytic (textual) approach
  • use of western methodologies
  • use of image in ritual context
  • what is indianness in indian art?
  • part of nationalist movement that lead to independence
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9
Q

Edward Said Orientalism

A

Edward Saïd (1935-2003)
“Orientalism” first published 1978
- code between knowledge and racism
- new paradigm of local vernaculars and social context

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10
Q

Today: interdisciplinary as a new method

A
  • Archaeological fieldwork
  • Epigraphical records (Epigraphy) / comparison with the study of texts (Philology)
  • Statuary (History of Art) and its uses (Anthropology)
  • no more hierarchy between text and image
  • new frameworks are being built
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