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🩸Hema🎀 > 1: Hemostasis And Coagulation > Flashcards

1: Hemostasis And Coagulation Flashcards

1
Q

Key cellular components of hemostasis

A
  1. Cells of the vascular intimate
  2. Extravascular tissue factor (TF-bearing cells)
  3. Platelets
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2
Q

Refers to the role of blood vessels and platelets in the initial response to a vascular injury or to the commonplace desquamation of dying or damaged endothelia’s cells

A

Primary hemostasis

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3
Q

Key players of primary hemostasis

A

Platelet and blood vessel

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4
Q

End product of primary hemostasis

A

Platelet plug

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5
Q

Describes the activation of a series of coagulation proteins in the plasma, mostly serine proteases, to form a fibrin clot

A

Secondary hemostasis

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6
Q

Key players of secondary hemostasis

A
  1. Coagulation system
  2. Enzymes and cofactors
  3. Platelets
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7
Q

End product of secondary hemostasis

A

Stabilized fibrin clot

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8
Q

The final events of homeostasis

A

Fibrinolysis

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9
Q

The gradual digestion and removal of fibrin clot as healing occurs

A

Fibrinolysis

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10
Q

Key players of fibrinolysis

A

Fibrinolytic system

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11
Q

End product of fibrinolysis

A

Dissolution of fibrin clot

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12
Q

Timing of hemostasis

A

Primary
- vasoconstriction
- platelet adhesion
- platelet aggregation

Secondary
- activation of clotting factors
- fibrin formation

Fibrinolysis
- activation of fibrinolytic factors
- clot lysis

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13
Q

Occupy the connective tissue layer and produces collagen

A

Fibroblasts

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14
Q

Tunica adventitia is composed of

A

Connective tissue cell-support

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15
Q

Thickest coat of blood vessel

A

Tunica media

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16
Q

Tunica media is consists of

A

Elastic tissue and smooth muscles

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17
Q

Allows the blood vessel to contract and regulate blood flow

A

Tunica media

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18
Q

Tunica intima is for

A

Vasoconstriction and vasodilation

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19
Q

Tunica intima contains

A

Endothelial cells

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20
Q

Hemostatic components of a vascular system

A
  1. Extravascular tissue
  2. Subendothelial tissue
  3. Endothelial cell (ULWF)
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21
Q

Vascular intima of the blood vessel:

Innermost vascular lining

A

Endothelial cells

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22
Q

Vascular intima of the blood vessel:

Supporting the endothelial cells

A

Internal elastic lamina composed of elastin and collagen

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23
Q

Vascular intima of the blood vessel:

Subendothelial connective tissue

A

Collagen and fibroblasts in veins
Collagen, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells in arteries

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24
Q

Separating procoagulant proteins and platelets in blood from collagen and tissue factor in fibroblast and smooth muscle cells

A

ECs us a physical barrier

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25
Q

Anticoagulant properties of vascular intima

A
  1. Nitric oxide
  2. Prostacyclin
  3. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor
  4. Thrombomodulin
  5. Endothelial protein C receptor
  6. Glycosaminoglycan heparan sulfate
  7. Tissue plasminogen activator
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26
Q

Anticoagulant properties of vascular intima

“Relaxing factor”

A

Nitric oxide

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27
Q

Anticoagulant properties of vascular intima

Induces smooth muscle relaxation and subsequent vasodilation

A

Nitric oxide

28
Q

Anticoagulant properties of vascular intima

Promotes angiogenesis and healthy arterioles

A

Nitric oxide

29
Q

Anticoagulant properties of vascular intima

Eicosanoid platelet inhibitor

A

Prostacyclin

30
Q

Anticoagulant properties of vascular intima

Vasodilator

A

Prostacyclin

31
Q

Anticoagulant properties of vascular intima

Synthesized through the eicosanoid pathway

A

Prostacyclin

32
Q

Anticoagulant properties of vascular intima

Controls the activation of the tissue factor pathway also called the Extrinsic Coagulation Pathway

A

Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor

33
Q

Anticoagulant properties of vascular intima

Limits the activation of the TF:VIIa:Xa (Extrinsic complex)

A

Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor

34
Q

Anticoagulant properties of vascular intima

Facilitated by the endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR)

A

Thrombomodulin

35
Q

Anticoagulant properties of vascular intima

Catalyzes the activation of the protein pathway -> Protein C coagulation system activator

A

Thrombomodulin

36
Q

Downregulates coagulation by digesting activated factor C and VIII, inhibiting thrombin formation

A

Protein C pathway

37
Q

Anticoagulant properties of vascular intima

Integral component of the protein C control system

A

Endothelial Protein C receptor (EPCR)

38
Q

Anticoagulant properties of vascular intima

Regulates thrombin generation

A

Glycosaminoglycan Heparan Sulfate

39
Q

Anticoagulant properties of vascular intima

Enhances the activity of antithrombin, a blood plasma serine protease inhibitor

A

Glycosaminoglycan Heparan Sulfate

40
Q

Anticoagulant properties of vascular intima

Activates fibrinolysis

A

Tissue Plasminogen Activator

41
Q

Procoagulant Properties of Vascular Initima

A
  1. Vasoconstriction
  2. Collagen
  3. VWF
  4. ADAMTS-13
  5. P-selectin
  6. Intercellular Adhesion Molecule (ICAMs)
  7. Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (PECAMs)
  8. Smooth Muscle Cells and Fibroblasts
  9. Tissue Factor
42
Q

Procoagulant Properties of Vascular Initima

Is the contraction of blood vessels

A

Vasoconstriction

43
Q

Procoagulant Properties of Vascular Initima

Binds VWF; binds and activates platelets

44
Q

VWF is from storage site called

A

Weibel-parade bodies

45
Q

Procoagulant Properties of Vascular Initima

Binds platelets to exposed subendothelial collagen -> necessary for platelet adhesion to collagen at the site of the injury

46
Q

Procoagulant Properties of Vascular Initima

Described as a “carpet”

47
Q

Procoagulant Properties of Vascular Initima

Carrier to factor VIII, primarily binds to platelet membrane receptor GPIb to promote adhesion

48
Q

Procoagulant Properties of Vascular Initima

Cleves large vWF multimers into shorter chains that support normal platelet adhesion

49
Q

Procoagulant Properties of Vascular Initima

VWF regulator

50
Q

ADAMTS-13

A

A disintegrin-like metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif type 1 member 13

51
Q

Procoagulant Properties of Vascular Initima

Adhesion molecule that promotes platelet and leukocyte binding

A

P-selectin

52
Q

Procoagulant Properties of Vascular Initima

Immunoglobulin-like adhesion molecules and further promote platelet and leukocyte binding

A

ICAMs and PECAMs

53
Q

Procoagulant Properties of Vascular Initima

Support the constitutive membrane protein tissue factor

A

Smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts

54
Q

Procoagulant Properties of Vascular Initima

Tissue factor

A

FVII and TFPI

55
Q

White clot

A

Platelets and vWF
Arteries and arterioles

56
Q

Red Clot

A

Platelet, vWF, Fibrin, RBCs
In veins

57
Q

Fibrinolytic Properties of Vascular Intima

A
  1. Tissue Plasminogen Activator (TPA)
  2. Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)
  3. Thrombin Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor (TAFI)
58
Q

Fibrinolytic Properties of Vascular Intima

For removal of fibrin to restore vessel patency

A

Tissue Plasminogen Activator

59
Q

During thrombus formation, ____ and ____ bind to polymerized fibrin

A

Tissue Plasminogen Activator and Plasminogen

60
Q

Fibrinolytic Properties of Vascular Intima

Activates fibrinolysis by converting plasminogen to plasmin

A

Tissue Plasminogen Activator

61
Q

Fibrinolytic Properties of Vascular Intima

TPA control protein that inhibits plasmin generation and fibrinolysis

A

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1

62
Q

Fibrinolytic Properties of Vascular Intima

Thrombin-thrombomodulin complex

A

Thrombin Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor (TAFI)

63
Q

Fibrinolytic Properties of Vascular Intima

Activated by thrombin bound to EX membrane thrombomodulin

A

Thrombin Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor (TAFI)

64
Q

Activators of Fibrinolysis

A

Tissue Plasminogen Activator
Urokinase Plasminogen Activator

65
Q

Control of Fibrinolysis

A
  1. Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)
  2. A2- antiplasmin
  3. Thrombin-Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor (TAFI)

🩸Hema🎀 (20 decks)

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