1-General Knowledge Flashcards
Aspiration Type?
Driveshaft type?
How is it cooled?
Engine layout?
Fuel injection?
How many cylinders?
Normally aspirated
-not turbo/supercharged
Direct drive
-no belt, motor is directly spinning prop
Air cooled
Horizontally opposed
-flat engine, so cylinders on each side
Fuel injected
-no primer
Four cylinder
- 2 on each side of engine horizontally opposed
What is horsepower rating and engine speed?
HP: 180 rated BHP
engine speed 2700 RPM
What are the approved fuel grades (and their colors)?
100LL grade aviation fuel (blue)
100 grade aviation fuel (green)
What is the total fuel capacity?
Total usable fuel capacity?
56 US gallons is total capacity
53 US gallons is total usable
After the first 50 hour oil break in period, what oil should be used?
MIL-L-22851 or SAE J1899 aviation grade ashless dispersant oil
What is the sump and total oil capacity?
Sump: 8 US Quarts
-depression in bottom of engine to use as a bit of a reserve
Total: 9 US quarts
What is the maximum takeoff and landing weight for both categories (normal/utility)?
Both maximum takeoff and landing weight are the same at:
Normal: 2550 lbs
Utility: 2550 lbs
What are the loading conditions to be in the utility category?
Rear seat and baggage compartment must be empty.
Roughly, what are the standard airplane weights?
Empty weight:
Maximum useful load, normal
Maximum useful load, utility
The standard airplane weights:
Empty weight: 1663 lbs
Max useful load, normal : 895 lbs
Max useful load, utility : 545 lbs
What is KTAS?
Knots true airspeed, meaning it is airspeed relative to undisturbed air or KCAS corrected for altitude and temperature
What is KCAS?
Knots calibrated airspeed, so that is indicated airspeed corrected for position and instrument error
When does KCAS equal to KTAS?
KTAS is just KCAS corrected for deviance from standard of altitude and temperature. Therefore, KTAS will equal KCAS in standard atmosphere at sea level. (15C temp., 29,92 inHg, 1013,25 hPa)
Define and state following V speeds.
Va
Vfe
Vno
Vne
Vs
Vso
Vx
Vy
Va : maneuvering speed (max abrupt movements)
Vfe: max flap extended speed
Vno: max structural cruising speed (can only be exceeded with caution in smooth air)
Vne: never exceed speed
Vs: stalling speed
Vso: stalling speed in landing configuration at most forward center of gravity
Vx: best angle-of-climb ( highest alt in shortest distance)
Vy: best rate-of-climb ( highest altitude in shortest time)
Difference between RPM and static RPM?
Static RPM is engine speed attained during a full throttle engine run up when on the ground and stationary
What is MAP (Manifold Absolute Pressure)?
Measured in inHg (same as altimeter), the Manifold Absolute Pressure is the absolute pressure measured in the engine induction system.
What is the course datum?
The course datum is the compass reference combined with the course deviation to provide lateral autopilot control when tracking a navigation signal
What is the reference datum?
This is an imaginary line slicing the plane vertically like a cucumber. It is a point which all horizontal distances are measured from for balance purposes
What is a station?
This is a location somewhere on the fuselage which serves as a reference to measure the distance from the reference datum.
What is an arm in weight and balance?
Arm is just the horizontal distance from an item’s center of gravity and it’s reference datum
What is the moment in weight and balance?
The moment of an item is it’s weight x it’s arm
How do you calculate an item’s distance from the reference datum?
The center of gravity’s distance from reference datum can be calculated by doing this:
Total moment / total weight of plane
Define what the standard empty weight is?
Basic empty weight?
Standard empty weight is plane with usable fuel, full operating fluids, and full engine oil
Basic empty weight is standard empty weight plus any optional equipment
Define useful load
Useful load = ramp weight - basic empty weight
What is MAC ( mean aerodynamic chord)
Chord is an imaginary rectangular airfoil having the same pitching moments throughout the flight range as that of the actual wing
So think of an imaginary box being drawn around the wing to perfectly fit it. The MAC is the line that goes right through the middle as if it was just a bow wing
