1. Federal Courts Jurisdiction

Question 1

What type of cases can Congress allow Federal Courts to hear?

Answer 1

Appeals
- Limit appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court

Art 3 bound cases (SMJ/PJ/Justiciability)

• Interpretation (Constitution/Admiralty laws/Treaties)
• State citizen v State citizen
• Foreign citizen v State gov

Question 2

What type of politically questionable cases can Federal Courts not hear?

Answer 2

Judicial branch cannot alone resolve such cases (other governmental branch should hear)

• Challenges vs ‘Republican Form of Government’ Clause (Art IV) (government’s state power depends on people’s consent)
• Challenges vs ratification of constitutional amendment procedures
• President’s powers over foreign affairs (recognition of tribes + countries, response to emergency attacks, invasion of countries)
• Gerrymandering

Question 3

What type of politically questionable cases can Federal Courts hear?

Answer 3

Arbitrary exclusion of Congressional delegate (Fed Court must hear)

Producing presidential papers (Fed Court must hear)

Question 4

Are federal judges entitled to compensation during office?

Answer 4

Appointed by Judiciary (Art III)
- YES

Appointed by Congres (Art I)
- NO (Congress may reduce compensation)

Question 5

How may federal judges be removed?

Answer 5

By impeachment

- Lack of good behaviour